RECENT RESEARCH
studies reported that acupuncture and moxibustion on UC recovery by adjusting the gut microbiota , MUC and immune cells on multiple targets and pathways , which contributes to the balance of IEC regeneration and death , as well as TJ structure recovery in animals . Moreover , the validity and superiority of acupuncture and moxibustion were also demonstrated in clinic . This study aims to review the achievements of acupuncture and moxibustion on mucosal healing and analyse the underlying mechanisms .
Aromatherapy
WENG , Y . -X . Wang HC ; Chu YL ; Wu YZ ; Liao JA ; Su ZY . Essential oil from Citrus depressa peel exhibits antimicrobial , antioxidant and cancer chemopreventive effects . Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture . 2024 ; 10 ( 7 ), 3982 – 399 . Doi : 10.1002 / jsfa . 13280
Background : Many diseases may be caused by pathogens and oxidative stress resulting from carcinogens . Earlier studies have highlighted the antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of plant essential oils ( EO ). It is crucial to effectively utilize agricultural waste to achieve a sustainable agricultural economy and protect the environment . The present study aimed to evaluate the potential benefits of EO extracted from the discarded peels of Citrus depressa Hayata ( CD ) and Citrus microcarpa Bunge ( CM ), synonyms of Citrus deliciosa Ten and Citrus japonica Thunb , respectively .
Results : Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the main compounds in CD-EO were ( R ) - (+) -limonene ( 38.97 %), γ-terpinene ( 24.39 %) and linalool ( 6.22 %), whereas , in CM-EO , the main compounds were ( R ) - (+) -limonene ( 48.00 %), β-pinene ( 13.60 %) and γ-terpinene ( 12.07 %). CD-EO exhibited inhibitory effects on the growth of common microorganisms , including Candida albicans , Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus . However , CM- EO showed only inhibitory effects on E . coli . Furthermore , CD-EO exhibited superior antioxidant potential , as demonstrated by its ability to eliminate 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2 ' -azinobis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6- sulfonate free radicals . Furthermore , CD-EO at a concentration of 100 μg mL -1 significantly inhibited 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetateinduced cancer transformation in mouse epidermal JB6 P + cells ( P < 0.05 ), possibly by up-regulating protein expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and its downstream antioxidant enzymes , such as NAD ( P ) H : quinone oxidoreductase 1 , heme oxygenase-1 and UGT1A .
Conclusion : These findings suggest that CD-EO exhibits inhibitory effects on pathogenic microorganisms , possesses antioxidant properties and has cancer chemopreventive potential .
Turkmenoglu A , Ozmen D . Allergenic components , biocides , and analysis techniques of some essential oils used in food products . Journal of Food Science . 2024 ; 86 ( 6 ): 2225 – 2241 . Doi : 10.1111 / 1750-3841.15753 .
Nowadays , almost 300 essential oils ( EOs ) are commonly traded in the world market , with a prediction to be worth over $ 14 billion in 2024 . EOs are natural preservatives for food products in order to reduce the activity of pathogenic microorganisms , therefore their use as an antioxidant or a preservative in foods has been encouraged . They are not only considered as antimicrobial or flavoring agents , but are also incorporated into food packaging materials . There are several types of EOs which have been approved as food additives by the Food and Drug Administration . Hence , it is important to use safe EO products to minimize possible adverse effect risks such as nausea , vomiting , necrosis , nephropathy , mucous membrane , and skin irritation . This review article gives information about some EOs that are used in the food industries and the types of some allergenic compounds and biocides which could make the EOs hazardous or may cause allergenic reactions in the human body . Besides , some analysis techniques of possible allergenic compounds or biocides in
EOs were introduced and supported with the most relevant studies . The overall conclusion from the study is that pregnant women , patients taking drugs ( e . g ., diabetics ) or the having a history of allergy are the most prone to be affected from EO allergenic components . As regards to biocides , organochlorine and organophosphorus types of pesticides that are carried over from the plant may be found mostly in EOs . The most common allergic reaction is skin sensitization and irritation if the EO components are oxidized during storage or transportation . Moreover , drug interactions are one of the other possible adverse effect . Hence , determination of biocides and possible allergenic component concentrations is an essential factor when they are used as a preservative or flavoring agent . The most prominent analysis techniques are gas and liquid chromatography because most of the allergens and biocides are mainly composed of volatile components .
Practical application : Determining of the essential oil ' s content will be crucial if oils are used for food preservation or flavoring because they may have some hazardous effects , such as nausea , vomiting , necrosis and nephropathy . Therefore , after applying them to the food products , consumers ( especially pregnant women ) should be informed about their concentration levels and their possible adverse effects are taken into account when they are consumed over toxic limit . For this reason , we reviewed in our study that some allergenic components , biocides and toxic limits of EOs to be used in food products . In addition to this , recent analytical techniques have been explained and discussed which methods are suitable for analysis .
Wang PH , Lin HW , Nguyen TT , Hu CJ , Huang LK , Tam KW , Kuan YC . Efficacy of aromatherapy against behavioral and psychological disturbances in people with dementia : A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials . Journal of the American Medical Directors Association . 2024 ; 105199 . Doi : 10.1016 / j . jamda . 2024.105199 .
Objectives : Behavioral and
176 | vol30 | no3 | JATMS