Apparel Online Bangladesh Magazine July' 17 | Page 57

in working. Knowing the number of people employed in an activity is useful when we assess the risk. Even knowing the special hazards help to decide on priorities for assessment. Use checklist to identify potentially hazardous work activities and then write the details of each one onto the form. As you inspect the workplace, you will probably find matters that should be rectified before completing the assessment (see Table 2). Risk assessment You must now assess the risks associated with the hazards you have identified. The hazards may have serious consequences without proper control measures. Estimate both the probability and consequences of failures. For each hazard, determine: • The consequences like minor injury, illness due to injury, disablement due to injury, fatality or multiple fatality, etc. • How the risk is normally controlled? If the control measures were to fail or deteriorate, then what is the likely outcome and how probable is this? The risk assessment ranking table will help you to give each hazard a risk ranking. The priority increases with either probability or consequences. The priority is greatest if both ratings are large. Any risk, complex, unusual and difficult to assess may be recorded in the form Special Assessment. Job safety information Appropriate information on the hazards and control measures must be provided to those at risk. The greater the risk, the more detailed the control measures required. First identify the basic site rules for your workplace. Decide which activities are adequately controlled by these rules. Then, identify which additional activities are left. Those require specific documentation of the special control measures that must be adopted. Complete a Job Safety Sheet for such activities. Control measures can be grouped into three categories: Physical Safeguards; System of Working; and Personal Protection. Physical safeguards – Any engineering control measure provided, for example: • Barriers and handrails, Table 1: Hazardous conditions and their control measures DANGER OF DUE TO CONTROL MEASURES People falling Open stairways / Changes in level / Floor surface uneven / Walking over fabric rolls in fabric warehouse Put fences, railing. Mark with yellow lines for uneven surface Falling materials Carton and fabric bale storage above head height. Unprotected edges of work platforms. Loading / unloading of bale, carton, machine on truck Re-design storage space. Use protective helmets in loading bay Dangerous equipment Band knife and straight knife cutting machine / Electrical equipment / Pressurised boilers in finishing room Use protective wire gloves Lifting Equipment Fork lift trolleys / Lift / Hoist for goods and passengers Dangerous substances Toxic/corrosive/irritant/harmful (certain chemicals used in spotting, stain removing and garment dyeing/ processing). Flammable materials (drycleaning chemicals) / liquids/LPG Label the bottles with warning message Health hazards Dusts / airborne cotton fibres / Gases / vapours (spotting chemicals) Use masks Radiations LASERS (marking lights in cutting table & sewing workstations). Ultra Violet (UV chambers in testing laboratory) Use protective goggles Noise / Vibrations Poor quality machine table Basement Poor or choked ventilation Manual handling Handling of fabric roll in cutting dept. Handling of garment bags in finishing and washing dept. Loading / unloading of bales, cartons, machines. Use Ergonomic workstation for minimizing injuries Chemical hazards Textile testing laboratory analysis / Garment dyeing and washing Label the bottles with warning message Vehicle movements Driving / loading / unloading Restrict personnel movement in vehicle movement area. Use hooter Maintenance Machine tool setting and adjustment(Mechanic workshop). Welding / brazing / fabrication Use eye protection, ear plugs • Ventilation systems, and • Fixed or interlocked guards System of working – The arrangement for the conduct of the job, for example: • Permits or procedures for authorization, and • Requirements to be accompanied or assisted Personal protection – The equipment to protect against injuries or ill health, for example: • Respirators, breathing apparatus, mask, • Protective clothing, gloves and footwear, • Eye protection, helmets, bump caps, etc., and finally, • Tie your hair back! Any operator must be informed of the risks involved in their job before they start, i.e. during induction training. A list similar to Table 3 can be of help. Quality controllers of buying companies working in your premises also require Job Safety Information. They are responsible for safe conduct of their work. You are responsible for their safety in work place. In particular, they must be aware of your emergency procedures. Emergency arrangements Emergency arrangements are required to respond to situations of serious danger that may arise like: fire or bomb threat, serious injury or ill health at work, flooding from rainwater or burst pipes, explosions of electrical items by short circuit, steam boiler, etc. A five-point plan can be applied as a standard framework for emergencies, like: Table 2: Potentially hazardous work activities Department / Unit: Warehouse / Cutting Dept. Warehouse / Cutting Dept.: S. Singh Job Ref Activity (No. of Emp) Location W1 Typist 2 Fabric warehouse Special Hazard W2 Band knife cutting 1 Cutting department Dangerous equipment Schedule of work activities Hazards Location Nature of Control Cutting finger in band knife Cutting dept Using wire gloves Falling hair caught on machine belt Sewing dept Tie hair back www.apparelresources.com | JULY 2017 | Apparel Online Bangladesh 57