Agri Kultuur November 2018 | Page 20

leaves of Portulacaria afra are extremely tasty, if not just a little bit sour, and can be used in salads and other dishes such as tomato bredie. The honey made from the flowers of Porkbush is said to be “unsurpassable in flavour and texture”. The plant has several traditional medicinal purposes from increasing breast milk for lactating mothers, rubbing a crushed leaf onto blisters, insect bites and other skin ailments, treating throat and mouth infections and aiding thirst and dehydration. Carbon sequestration Carbon is one of the major greenhouse gases which are responsible for the warming of the earth’s atmosphere; it is produced in excess by burning of fossil fuels. Currently, humans are producing atmospheric carbon faster than the environment can absorb it, causing a deficit which remains in the atmosphere and causes heat from the sun to be trapped instead of being radiated back out into space. Research has shown the Porkbush to be an excellent ‘carbon sponge’ as it can sequestrate (absorb) free carbon from the atmosphere which is used to make plant tissue. P. afra cultivated as a bonsai. By Claire H. from New York City, USA - Elephant Bush, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index. php?curid=8293162 It is capable of either C 3 or CAM carbon fixation, depending on factors such as the season and the age of the leaves and is extremely efficient in binding excesses of free atmospheric carbon (carbon sequestration) which is ultimately responsible for climate change. It is alleged that a stand of this plant can remove more carbon from the atmosphere than an equal amount of deciduous forest! Several projects currently active in the areas where the Porkbush occurs seek to utilize it as a rehabilitation aid to restore over-utilized natural habitats to their formerly productive state. At the same time these sites act as carbon sinks (kind of carbon bank) where carbon can be collected and used where it belongs and is productive to both humans and the environment. Potential earnings through carbon credits could be translated into social upliftment in the areas where this plant is being utilized. The large spreading shrub furthermore covers and shades the soil from the harmful rays of the sun creating a favourable environment under the plants for insects and other wildlife to inhabit, while the dead organic matter which accumulates under the bushes has an enriching effect on the soil. This further enrichment of the soil improves its water- holding capacity which further benefits the Porkbush as well as other plants and animals including micro-organisms, which occur in the area. Cultivation Farmers in the region where Spekboom occurs can benefit greatly from planting this wonder plant. It is easily propagated from cuttings which root easily and can even be planted directly into the ground where they are to be grown. Cuttings can be allowed to dry out for a day or two in a cool, dry place and then planted in washed river sand. If kept in a warm shady area they will root and be ready to be planted out after four to six weeks. Sources https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portulacaria_afra https://highwaymail.co.za/279216/the- versatile-spekboom/ http://pza.sanbi.org/portulacaria-afra AgriKultuur |AgriCulture 20