Aged Care Insite Issue 103 | Oct-Nov 2017 | Page 38

technology Parkinson’s in the picture Photo: RMIT Neurology test diagnoses Parkinson’s disease by analysing a patient’s drawing ability. By Dallas Bastian A simple drawing test is being hailed by researchers as the first tool to diagnose Parkinson’s disease when there are no obvious physical symptoms. RMIT University researchers have developed diagnostic software that analyses the way people draw an Archimedean spiral and detects signs of Parkinson’s. Chief investigator professor Dinesh Kumar said researchers have long known that Parkinson’s disease affects people’s writing and sketching abilities, but efforts to translate that insight into a reliable assessment method have failed – until now. Working with Dandenong Neurology, the team studied 62 people diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease. Half had no visible symptoms and half ranged from mildly to severely affected. Kumar said: “The customised software we’ve developed records how a person draws a spiral and analyses the data in real time. The only equipment you need to run the test is a pen, paper and a large drawing tablet.” The pen used in the study senses the location of contact and pressure between the tip and the paper, and researchers developed proprietary software to record and analyse the data in real time. Kumar said: “With this tool we can tell whether someone has Parkinson’s disease and calculate the severity of their condition, with a 93 per cent accuracy rate. “While we still have more research to do, we’re hopeful that in future doctors or nurses could use our technology to regularly screen their patients for Parkinson’s, as well as help those living with the disease to better manage their condition.” Parkinson’s is the second most common neurological disease in Australia after dementia and affects about 80,000 people nationally and 10 million worldwide. Every day 32 Australians are diagnosed with the disease. A fifth of these are under the age of 50 and 10 per cent are diagnosed before the age of 40. According to Parkinson’s Australia, the four key symptoms of the disease are tremors, slowness of movement, muscle rigidity and instability. 36 agedcareinsite.com.au Professor Dinesh Kumar and PhD researcher Poonam Zham. Photo: RMIT The peak body says current diagnostic interventions include magnetic resonance imaging, to rule out other neurological conditions that may resemble Parkinson’s, and computed tomography scans, to rule out structural abnormalities that may result in Parkinson’s-like symptoms. The RMIT team hopes its technology could one day be used as a standard screening test to spot the condition in its earliest stages. Kumar said many treatment options for Parkinson’s were effective only when the disease was diagnosed early. “Pushing back the point at which treatment can start is critical, because we know that by the time someone starts to experience tremors or rigidity,