ABUSE_MAGAZINE_ID_ ABUSE Magazine Wisconsin | 页面 28

Page 28 | ABUSE Magazine Source: NIDA For Teens abusemagazine.org as pain or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)—they usually do not become addicted, because the medication is prescribed in dosages and forms that are considered safe for that person. The drug is compensating for a problem, which makes the person feel better, not high. But medications that affect the brain can change the way it functions, especially when they are taken repeatedly or in large doses. They can alter the reward system, making it harder to feel good without the drug and can lead to intense cravings, which make it hard to stop using. This is no different from what can happen when someone takes illicit drugs and addiction is a real possibility. and slows breathing. Stimulants such as Adderall increase attention but also raise blood pressure and heart rate. These side effects can be made worse when prescription drugs are not taken as prescribed or are abused in combination with other substances—including alcohol, other prescription drugs, and even over-the-counter drugs, such as cold medicines. For instance, some people mix alcohol and benzodiazepines (e.g., Valium), both of which can slow breathing. This combination could stop breathing altogether, requiring emergency care, or worse—it could be fatal. • Addiction. Studies show that when people take a medication as it is prescribed for a medical condition, such •Withdrawal. Taking drugs repeatedly over a period of time can cause changes in the body as well as the brain, resulting in physical dependence (which is different from addiction). That is, the body adapts to the drug’s presence, and when its use is abruptly stopped, the person can experience withdrawal symptoms. This can happen even in someone who is prescribed medications and takes them appropriately, which is why a physician should be consulted when stopping prescription medications as well as when starting them. The withdrawal symptoms depend on the drug itself for opioids, they can include nausea, chills, vomiting, muscle pain, and diarrhea. These symptoms can often be controlled or diminished with proper medical supervision.