they were trained , such as internal medicine or pediatrics . After completing a fellowship in the relevant subspecialty , the provider is permitted to practice without direct supervision by other providers in that subspecialty , such as cardiology or oncology . There are a variety of fellowship programs with different areas of focus , like pediatric and vascular surgery , surgical critical care , and complex general surgical oncology . Once providers have their training in place , licensure is necessary .
What Professional Licensure Entails
Once a provider has completed their residency , they must obtain a medical license before they can practice independently . Licenses are specific to the state or territory they will be practicing in . Every state has specific requirements for when a resident position may begin the application process to obtain their state license . To obtain licensure , all providers must have :
• Graduated from an approved medical school .
• Completed at least one year of postgraduate training to be eligible for a full and unrestricted medical license . In some jurisdictions , the requirement is higher — the provider must complete two or three years of residency training to obtain a license .
• Completion of either the United States Medical Licensing
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