1st Edition 2020 | Page 136

FOKUS Adam Smith: The Conservative Economist - Ahmad Hanif Rozani, Anis Hazim Sharudin, Muhammad Fitri Suhaimi, Muhammad Irfan Izzuddin, Nur Farhana Syahirah, Puteri Nurul Balqish Who is Adam Smith? The Father of Modern Economics, Adam Smith, was a brilliant 18th-century Scottish economist, moral philosopher and an author of a famous economic book that is the first thorough view on political economy called “An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations” (1776) which is still used for modern economic philosophy and a major source of political economics. Adam was born to a widowed mother after the death of his father, a lawyer, and a comptroller (a title for financial officers) who have passed away just two months before his birth, in the town of Kirkcaldy, Scotland. He eventually graduated school at the age of 14 at one of Scotland’s top secondary schools and proceeded to enter the University of Glasgow. He later received a scholarship at one of the top colleges at Oxford University, Balliol College. Smith later started a series of public lectures at the University of Edinburgh after he returned to Scotland and received a professorship at the University of Glasgow in 1751. During his teachings, he also tried to get some of his books published, and eventually in the year 1759 his book “The Theory of Moral Sentiments” was published. SASARAN EDISI 82 136 Other than the Father of Economics, he is also known to be The Father of Capitalism. In his famous book “An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations” where his philosophy of a free market (a market with no government intervention) can be found, he was later known as the Father of Capitalism after “Laissez-Faire Capitalism” was coined. Smith is also known for his ideas or concepts mainly about the assembly line production method (division of labor) and gross domestic product (GDP) which can also be found in his famous book and is still relevant in today’s economic sphere.