БҚМУ Хабаршы №1-2019ж.
the language a set of ideas about the world, a certain way of perception and the
structure of the world, the conceptualization of reality.
The language picture of the world of each nation is reflected in the content side
of the language and is the basis for creating cultural stereotypes and connotations of
linguistic community.
In the category of "linguistic picture of the world" includes the following issues:
1) study of the interaction, interconnection and interaction of language and
culture;
2) explanation of the cultural-national significance of units (realities) by
comparing their meanings with the attitudes (concepts) of social culture;
3) analysis of the national forms of being of society, reflected in linguistic
communication systems based on cultural norms, traditions and values [2].
As key characteristics of the language picture of the world, J.L. Weisgerber
highlighted the following: the system of spiritual (culture and mentality of linguistic
community) and linguistic components (the existence and functioning of the language);
the result of the historical change of the ethnos and the development of the language;
structure and multilevelness in linguistic expression, since the linguistic picture of the
world determines the set and combination of sounds, the specific features of the
structure of the speech apparatus of native speakers, the vocabulary of the language,
features of word formation, syntax, paremiological composition of the language;
securing cultural and linguistic specifications by means of the language, creating
homogeneity of the linguistic essence; the existence in the minds of native speakers, in
their worldview, the rules of communicative behavior, enshrined in certain lexemes;
variability in time, since the language reflects all changes in society, science, culture;
the cultural heritage of every linguistic community [17].
Linguocultural competence should be presented in the form of a functional
model that includes the sign, linguistic meaning and cultural meaning of the units that
should be interdependent. This means that the system of signs should reveal a system
of real knowledge about culture, presented in the form of a model in which the actual
linguistic picture of the world goes deeper into the linguocultural picture of the world
as competence.
The involvement of linguistic and cultural components in teaching foreign
languages and taking into account the linguocultural situation are necessary for the
development of the skills of competent communication in the language being studied
with its speakers, since this requires possessing both linguistic means and general
sociocultural knowledge about the world. V.I. Shaklein under linguocultural situation
understands, firstly, a dynamic and undulating process of interaction of languages and
cultures in a certain historically established period of time, and secondly, cultural
background inherent in ethnos at all times [18]. Culture texts that have arisen in a
specific time period reflect specific language means of expression and ideological
attitudes. The problem of describing the linguocultural situation is the work of A.V.
Barasheva, G.Yu. Bogdanovich, V.M. Shakleina, L.A. Kranysheva.
Speech behavior of representatives of different ethnic communities is
characterized by linguocultural specificity. Behavior in stereotypical situations, due to
different social roles, is enshrined in the culture of human behavior at the level of
representations. This phenomenon V.P. Furmanova interprets as one of the obstacles to
the understanding of oral and written text [19]. Communicators of different cultures,
being insufficiently familiar with the specifics of the cultural mode of behavior and the
peculiarities of the speech behavior of members of other linguocultural communities,
very often do not understand each other, despite their mutual interest in
communication. From this it follows that learning the linguocultural competence
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