БҚМУ Хабаршы №1-2019ж.
Methodical technique "changing over of the language code" can be used in
didactic games. For example, a question-task can be given in a foreign language; and
the answer — in his native language, or vice versa.
Visual support involves writing a foreign name on natural objects or their
images – during the work with bilingual texts or in the process of bilingual
communication. This technique can be combined with changing over of the language
code, therefore the legend includes simultaneously the name of the object in two
languages - native and foreign, which is appropriate in the 8 th grade, when pupils are
just getting acquainted with the chemical language, and in grades with weak language
training. Methodical technique "visual support" allows you to adhere to the principle of
close connection of the chemical language with real chemical objects, which helps to
avoid formalism in knowledge.
Technique "visual support" provides the formation of concepts in two language
systems. «Visual» support can be used at all stages of implementation of any method
(story, conversation, explanation, exercise, laboratory or practical work, didactic game,
etc.).
Visual support can be used when learning terms. For example, in the study of
the structure of the atom pupils are given didactic cards with the image of the model of
the atom structure and the definition in their native and foreign languages.
At the same time, pupils not only key into the structure of the atom, but also
draw a parallel between the native and foreign names of the component parts of the
atom, which allows you better to understand the concept and further define it not only
in your native language but also in a foreign language.
While working with bilingual texts (that is, in two languages: native and
foreign) or during oral bilingual communication, pupils may encounter new or difficult
lexical units. In this case, the teacher should write them on the board with a translation
into the native language and transcription or use so-called visual support cards. By
visual support cards we mean printed didactic material, which presents lexical units
that are new to pupils and necessary in bilingual communication, in their native and
foreign languages (with transcription). At the same time, it is easier for pupils to work
with information, and new lexical units are better remembered.
Bilingual contextual change is a methodical technique of bilingual chemistry
training, which involves the transition from the name of a chemical element, substance,
term or equipment in one language to its name in another language.
Context change can be used in the study of chemical formulas, equations,
terminology and nomenclature. So, on the lesson of generalization and systematization
of knowledge on the theme: "Changes occurring with substances" it can be offered
pupils the following assignment:
Make the reaction equations, replace the names of substances on their chemical
formulas, fill in the blanks and arrange the coefficients:
1. hydrogen + oxygen —> water
2. carbon + oxygen —» carbon (IV) oxide
3. iron (III) oxide + hydrogen —> iron + ?
4. calcium carbonate
— ˃ calcium oxide + ?
5. sodium + water —> sodium hydroxide + ?
This task contributes to the development of the ability to carry out mutual
transitions between the names of substances and their formulas, as well as between the
names of substances and equations, the ability to arrange the coefficients and equations
of reactions.
«Bridge-prompt» is a methodical technique of bilingual teaching of chemistry,
in which the teacher gives the pupil a prompt in the form of the word in their native or
foreign language.
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