ZEMCH 2019 International Conference Proceedings April.2020 | Page 56
(a)
(b)
Figure 11. Options of shading devices for walkways [22].
Furthermore, walkability could be increased by providing rubber pathway, shaded walkway, and
a number of benches to encourage people, especially elderly people, to walk and use the community
green areas as encouraging elderly people to walk is one of social sustainability targets [22] (Figure 12).
Figure 12. Adding benches and enhancing empty areas by using hard and soft landscaping [22] and
improving walkability for pedestrians by adding rubber walkways (1.1m width) and outdoor
equipment according to the LEED ND requirements [29].
Moreover, adding green belt around the community could provide more protection and shaded
areas further to increasing the total number of trees, which has an important role in enhancing the
community environmental performance (Figure 13).
(a) Current
(b) After Improvements
Figure 13. Planting the community boundary wall [6].
4.4. The Effect of the Adopted Scenarios on Solar Shading and Solar Gains
4.4.1. Building Height Diversity (Scenario One)
Running IES‐VE simulations with different heights of community units showed the importance of
the height diversity in creating the preferable shaded areas for walking people, in addition to the effect
of reducing solar gains from the surrounding units. Figure 14a shows that the solar gains of the
surrounding units decreased from 100% to 80% (80 hours) when applying the height diversity.
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ZEMCH 2019 International Conference l Seoul, Korea