ZEMCH 2019 International Conference Proceedings April.2020 | Page 326
N3
N4
N5
N6
N7
N8
N9
Black‐grey
White
Grey‐white
Black‐grey
White
Grey‐white
Black‐grey
1
3
3
3
10
10
10
2
13
8
5
22
18
11
8
78
56
10
70
54
8
2.2. Testing infrastructure
The study was conducted in two mobile identical outdoor test cells (A & B) located on the San
Joaquín Campus of the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (Figure 1 (a)). Each of the two cells
represents a typical office space of 2.1m (width) x 2.65m (height) x 4.0m (depth) (internal dimensions).
The glazed façade is facing north. The view through the façade is relatively green and unobstructed,
except the cars situated on the parking close to the test cells. Objects can be clearly distinguished at
short, middle and long distances, as shown in Figure 1 (b). Each test room is equipped with a fan coil
unit, allowing maintaining a quasi‐constant temperature of 22 °C. The artificial lighting system is
controlled to maintain 500 lux on a work plane situated at a height of 0.8m and at a distance of 2.0m
from the façade. Light reflectance of the interior walls of both test cells are: 29% for the floor, 74% for
the ceiling and 54% for the vertical walls. The glazed façade consists of a clear double glazing (U‐value
= 2.9 W/m²K, light transmittance = 82%) covering the whole aperture of the test cell. It is mounted at
the front side of the test cell to avoid any shadow. The selected solar shading devices are installed at
the exterior side, parallel to the double glazing. Four fabrics (N2, N8, N5 and N6) were installed in test
cell A, while the other five (N3, N9, N4, N7 and N1) were placed in the other cell B. Both test rooms are
fully equipped with mainly a complete set of exterior and interior illuminance meters (Konica Minolta
T‐10A series). Luminance values of the fabrics were measured during the experiments using a
luminance meter Konica Minolta LS‐160.
(a)
(b)
Figure 1. (a) Exterior view of the test cell with the target in front of each window; (b) Interior view of
the test cell.
2.3. Procedure for user assessment
Fourteen human subjects have been asked about how clear the view to the outside is through each
of the nine fabrics. The subject was seated at 1.5m from the window (Figure 1 (b)). For each investigated
fabric, he was asked to respond to a questionnaire of nine questions. The following sequence was
applied : firstly, evaluation of the view to the outside through the window without any solar shading
device, so that the subject takes knowledge of the questionnaire and can evaluate the view to the outside
in the most favorable case; secondly, evaluation of the fabrics installed in the first test cell; and finally,
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ZEMCH 2019 International Conference l Seoul, Korea