ZEMCH 2019 International Conference Proceedings April.2020 | Page 243
1. Introduction
1.1 Research Background and Purpose
As the number of students decreased, interest in the surplus space of the school increased, since it
could be used as a public facility for villagers. Thus, efforts are being made to develop community‐
based educational programs by combining school facilities.
In particular, the availability of urban renewal as a public space for urban rehabilitation can be
checked. In recent years, schools have been trying to play various roles in public facilities through prior
research papers, examples, policies, and systems. For example, they are used as cultural complexes,
lifelong education facilities, parking lots, and rooftop gardens. In old school spaces, however, there are
many limitations in playing this role. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to propose a direction for
planned improvement and a program of future school space structure by considering regional
cooperation. Accordingly, in response to the necessity of community cooperation because of school
openings and complexing, educational policies, and course changes, the existing school space, space
composition for community cooperation, and examples of school complexing projects in Korea and
abroad were analyzed.
1.2 Research Methods and Procedure
This study analyzed changes in the curriculum and policies of the country since the 7th curriculum,
when the role of community space in school facilities began to be emphasized, and looked at the
changes of school facilities, regional connectivity, etc., through domestic and international cases. In
addition, it analyzed the spatial composition and programs of school facilities compared to the cases in
Kwandong, Japan, and drew suggestions that could be applied to school facilities in Korea.
For this purpose, the research procedures analyzed prior research on regional‐linked school
facilities in Korea and Japan. It analyzed the changes in Koreaʹs education curriculum and policies, as
well as the domestic and foreign cases of schools operating as a combined facility. Through policy and
case analysis, it makes suggestions on the direction of improvement in Koreaʹs regional‐linked school
facilities.
2. Changing Space and Policy of Educational Facilities
Current policy changes in educational facilities are in response to the decrease in users and the
changing curriculum. In addition, the curriculum is changing its focus in the schoolʹs operating system.
Through user‐centered changes, policies and research on indoor spaces are being carried out a lot.
However, there is a lack of connectivity with external spaces or communities.
The decrease in the number of students in educational facilities is creating underused spaces in
schools, as the number of students continues to decrease because of the aging population and the
declining birthrate. At the same time, the changes in the curriculum are incorporating various programs
into schools with school facilities. However, existing schools have the same spatial composition as in
the past, making it difficult to respond to new programs. Accordingly, the government strives to
respond to new programs and play the role of public facilities in school facilities through new
construction or remodeling projects.
Policy changes have changed the management system of classes from the 7th curriculum to the
2015 revision. However, school facilities tend to provide only space for programs and be left to self‐
regulation. Therefore, there are differences in space usage depending on the operation of each school.
Educational facilities have been passive in changing programs only in the existing square space or
in changing parts of the interior. Schools need to think about not only the classroom but also the entire
school, as well as the connection with the region. Therefore, it is necessary to plan the space required
for school programs to operate them in accordance with new introductions or changes, and to change
the school space. In particular, the connection with the schoolʹs outer space can be considered, and the
minimum space welfare must be met while ensuring the schoolʹs autonomy.
A Study on the Planning Direction of Regional Connected Schools for the Neighborhood
Regeneration in South Korea
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