ZEMCH 2019 International Conference Proceedings April.2020 | Page 238
ANAH, it is a project that emphasizes the participation of residents and the role of municipalities, and
establishes the acceptance of local people as its one of the business goals.
There are four types of OPHA: general OPHA, urban regeneration OPHA (OPHA‐RU), rural
revitalization OPHA (OPHA‐RR), and co‐owned OPHA. The general OPHA aims to improve living
conditions in urban areas, suburban areas, and rural areas which includes improving vacancy problems
and housing shortages and improving public and commercial infrastructure. As Urban regeneration
OPA (OPHA‐RU) sets treatment and improvement of decline urban areas as a higher priority, so if
there is a difficulty in the demolition process in the area or in addition to the existing OPHA method,
public and compulsory means are frequently applied. The revitalization of rural areas OPA (OPHA‐
RR) is aimed at small urban‐rural villages with the severe poverty of fewer than 10,000 people. After
negotiating the contract between the central and local governments, regional development plans are
included in the project. Co‐owned OPHA covers only publicly‐managed buildings and provides public
support for conservation planning and joint ownership‐related difficulties [9].
Table 1. Characteristics of OPAH project by type
Region/Issue
ٛ Backwardness issue in residential areas
OPAH type
Strongly recommended or obligatory
“Energy” aspect
General OPAH
ٛ City: old area(Formerly downtown or near the city)
ٛ Presence of underdeveloped and poor dwelling
ٛ Unnatural forms of the city
ٛ Poverty, depreciation of real estate, difficulty in home
maintenance Urban
regeneration
OPAH
(OPAH‐RU ) ٛ ʹImprovement of poor residential areaʹ aspect
ٛ ʹReal estateʹ Aspect
ٛ Sustainability of building improvement strategy
ٛ (Optional) ʹShared Property Ownerʹ aspect
ٛ Rural: a project at a community level such as nation, commune
ٛ Local development or pre‐project
ٛ Rural areas with unsafety due to declining population, aging
ٛ Population impoverishment Activating
Rural Areas
OPAH
(OPAH‐RR) ٛ ʹImprovement of poor residential areaʹ aspect
ٛ Execution of regional development related to
regeneration of the area
ٛ Relevant to co‐owned and managed buildings only
ٛ Does not include investments from local governments
Co‐ownership
OPAH
ٛ Priority public support for external damage to
buildings, absence of management committee, debt
The main authorities of the OPAH are the ANAH, which is responsible for improving the private
residential environment, and the ANRU, which conducts integrated regeneration of underdeveloped
areas. Funding for the OPAH differs depending on the income level and is fundamentally targeted for
extremely poor or poor households. The allowable income limit is assessed according to the total
amount of income specified in the tax notice based on after‐tax income, which is set aside after‐tax
deduction of 10% per household.
When the income screening is completed, the buildings with high use of land but severe
deterioration level are selected via the on‐site diagnosis and develops a customized financial plan
according to the nature of the project. The ANAH is 35 to 50% of the total cost, and the project must
meet the conditions of large‐scale and heavy maintenance construct in order to receive the subsidy [10].
In addition to the construction costs required for improvement projects, the technical, legal, and social
education costs necessary for landlords and expenses needed to open the training venue are offered.
All subsidies vary depending on income level, deterioration level of the residence and whether the
landlord resides or not.
Table 2. Major projects and targets of ANAH
Main Projects
‣ Supporting safe residential
Improvement of
environment
‣ Supporting energy imbalance Residential Environment
for Residents
households
‣ Housing maintenance for
the elderly and disabled
Redevelopment of
‣ Restoring empty house
cities and
‣ Support on the operation
near‐housing environment
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Project goals and details
‐ Reorganization of private house
‐ Social support of residents
‐ Land sales (local government)
‐ Support of conversion of existing buildings
‐ Energy innovation
‐ Bicycle pedestrian road
‐ Public facilities & Green ground formation
‐ Formation of offices/shops
ZEMCH 2019 International Conference l Seoul, Korea