ZEMCH 2019 International Conference Proceedings April.2020 | Page 236
1. Introduction
In recent years, the importance of changes in relevant housing policies and demand for
regeneration has been highlighted in the continued growth of old and low‐rise residential areas in
Korea. In 2017, the government enacted the ʹSpecial Act on the Development of Empty Houses and
Small‐scale Housesʹ to simplify the business procedures and create support regulations via expanding
the construction exceptions of small‐scale redevelopment, and is currently proceeding a government‐
wide regeneration project with an aim to improvement of residential area and vitalization of local
economy by pursuing ʹUrban Regeneration New Deal Businessʹ as national agenda.
Small‐scale housing redevelopment projects are carried out through relatively uncomplicated
business processes, with a small number of stakeholders and a combination of residents. However,
public supports are necessary due to the lack of residentsʹ expertise and difficulty of sustainability. In
this situation, the French public support program implemented differentiation of the regeneration
policy according to the nature of the business to increase the efficiency of the business. This has
significant implications to bring applications into domestic small‐scale housing redevelopment
business.
The urban regeneration projects of France has promoted comprehensive urban environment
maintenance with a focus on preventing the decline of urban areas with dense historical buildings and
eliminating backward regions, initiated with the supply of large‐scale housing for urban reconstruction
after World War II in the 1950s. In 2003, the enactment of the orientation of programs for the city and
urban renovation (Loi d’orientation et de programmation pour la ville et la renovation urbaine, loi
Borlii) and the implementation of the Residential Environment Improvement Project (OPAH) and the
Old Town Housing Redevelopment Project (PNRQAD) are notable changes in the French urban
regeneration policy [1]. In particular, the New National Urban Regeneration Plan (N‐PNRU), which
complemented the 2014 National Urban Regeneration Plan (PNRU), is the latest project in which
renewal projects are actively being carried out in areas with a large number of public rental housing
and dilapidate dwelling areas.
Previous studies on urban renewal policies mostly focused only on case studies or comprehensive
urban regeneration plans, and there is a lack of research related to regeneration projects for deteriorated
residential areas and small‐scale housing redevelopment. Thus, this study focused on public support
on the regeneration policies of back‐warded residential districts and small‐scale housing
redevelopment projects. Based on the successful cases in France, this study aims to help to establish
domestic policies in Korea through the analysis of urban regeneration policies of the OPHA, N‐PNRU,
and PNRQAD.
We focused our research on public support for the regeneration policy of poor residential areas
and small‐scale housing redevelopment projects in France. First, we analyzed the characteristics of the
policy of regeneration by the literature survey. This led to implications for the development of domestic
renewable businesses of physical support systems, financial support, business goals, and project
performance by type of projects. The small housing readjustment projects, which are deemed to lack
research in analyzing prior research in Korea, were supplemented with more details through interviews
with experts at present. I interviewed the current policy agency, the Social Policy Officer of the National
Housing Management Agency (ANAH), and the National Agency for Urban Regeneration (ANRU).
The research was conducted based on the results of the research and analysis.
2. Background and policy change
The French urban renewal project began in the 1950s as a full‐scale redevelopment with the
demolition type and a large‐scale residential improvement project with land acceptance method to
restore the city that was destroyed after World War II. The quantitative supply with demolition and
reconstruction of underdeveloped areas collided with the urban problem of housing supply and urban
emptiness caused by population growth and industrialization. In the 1960s, the government introduced
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ZEMCH 2019 International Conference l Seoul, Korea