ZEMCH 2019 International Conference Proceedings April.2020 | Page 208
2. General Considerations
2.1. Exterior Spatial Elements of Housing Complex
Table 1. Exterior Spatial Element Composition of Apartments in Multi‐story Buildings 1
Land Use Ratio (%)[3]
Elements Category
Traffic Space
Public
Facilities
Elements Composition
Car Road, Non‐motorized Road, Pedestrian Road
Parking Lot, Parking Garage, Public Transportation Site
Business Service Facility, Conservation Education
Facility, Sports and Entertainment Facilities
5‐min
Ped. 2 10‐min 15‐min
Ped.
Ped.
15~20 15~20
15~20
Ⅰ 3 :4~5 Ⅰ:8~9 Ⅰ:12~16
Ⅱ 4 :5~6 Ⅱ:9~12 Ⅱ:13~20
Sports and Entertainment Facilities
Public
Space
Open Space
Green
Space
Square, Public Event Space, Playground
Wall Boundary, Fence Boundary, Green Border, Bottom
Business Border
Green Space between Residential Buildings, Courtyard
Group Green Space, Community Green Space, District
Green Space
Ⅰ:2~3
Ⅱ:3~4
Ⅰ:4~6 Ⅰ:7~11
Ⅱ:6~8 Ⅱ:9~13
Landscape Lighting, Rest Seat, Landscape Sketch
ref. Study on the Elements Composing and Optimization of the External Space of Shenzhen Opening Residential
1
Area [4]; 2 ’Ped.’: Abbreviation of ‘Pedestrian‐scale Neighborhood’ and the Residential Land is also calculated in
the ratio; 3 Multi‐story Buildings with 4~6 Floors; 4 Multi‐story Buildings with 7~9 Floors
The main elements of the external space are largely classified into transportation and public space.
Traffic is related to parking and roads, and public spaces can be divided into public facilities, open
spaces, and green spaces as shown in Table 1. The open space and green space would be designed
together and with increases in the size of residence the ratio of open space and green space would also
increase. Traffic problems would have been the primary optimization objective during the exterior
space remodeling for old housing complexes.
2.2. Legal Elements of Exterior Space Planning in China
Table 2 shows the legal elements for exterior space planning for housing complexes in China. We
know that the exterior space is roughly composed of parking space, public space (green space and open
space) and waste treatment space. The functional space like parking space, open space or waste
treatment space would be set according to the service radius. The green space planning indicators can
be appropriately lower (70%) when carrying out renovations for housing complexes and the public
green space should be set according to the per capita ratio of above 1.0m 2 for housing complexes in
China. This is different from previous specifications where the ratio of ground parking space should be
under 10% of the housing complex area so that the most of the exterior space can used for green space
or other functional space and parking space can be created underground for separating the driving
paths and human paths of the housing complex. As the public space is made up of green space and
open space, when designing the exterior space of the housing complex, open space can be set in
combination with green space. Finally, the service radius of the waste treatment facility should be set
according to the waste treatment mode, the radius should be under 1km for a manual collection mode
and it can be under 2km if using a motor vehicle for waste collection.
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ZEMCH 2019 International Conference l Seoul, Korea