ZEMCH 2019 International Conference Proceedings April.2020

management information system(COSMIS). The causal factors were categorized into major, middle, and root causes. The causes of accidents found in this study are shown in Table 1. Table 1. Causal factors for modular construction Cause Type Material/ Equipment Safety Protection Device PPE Site Layout/ Space Workplace Finding Causal Factors OSHA HSE KOSHA COSMIS Slippery/ pointed material ＊ Improper use of equipment ＊＊＊＊ Defective Material/Equipment ＊＊＊ No safety device ＊＊＊＊ Non‐operating safety device ＊＊ Absence of risk indication ＊＊ No PPE ＊＊＊＊ Defective PPE Improper workplace arrangement ＊＊＊ Insufficient workplace ＊＊＊ Congested work area ＊＊＊＊ Unstable work areas/platforms Poor illumination/ ventilation ＊＊＊＊＊ Excessive noise ＊＊ Unpredictable weather ＊＊＊ Poor housekeeping ＊＊＊＊ The root cause analysis map was created to visually use the causes of accident factors. The root cause analysis map is equivalent to Figure 2. This map was firstly divided into the manufacturing and on‐site construction processes, and the accident type by the work activities for each process was presented. In the lower part, the causal factors of accidents derived previous are expressed in tree form. This map is used to determine the cause of future accident cases. Cause Analysis of Safety Accident focusing on Modular Construction 248

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