ZEMCH 2015 - International Conference Proceedings

26 25 24 Temperature °C 23 22 21 20 22 20 18 16 19 14 02/02/11 12:02:13 AM 02/02/11 09:02:13 AM 02/02/11 06:02:13 PM 02/03/11 03:02:13 AM 02/03/11 12:02:13 PM 02/03/11 09:02:13 PM 02/04/11 06:02:13 AM 02/04/11 03:02:13 PM 02/05/11 12:02:13 AM 02/05/11 09:02:13 AM 02/05/11 06:02:13 PM 02/06/11 03:02:13 AM 02/06/11 12:02:13 PM 02/06/11 09:02:13 PM 02/07/11 06:02:13 AM 02/07/11 03:02:13 PM 02/08/11 12:02:13 AM 02/08/11 09:02:13 AM 02/08/11 06:02:13 PM 02/09/11 03:02:13 AM 02/09/11 12:02:13 PM 02/09/11 09:02:13 PM 18 24 02/02/11 12:02:13 AM 02/02/11 10:02:13 AM 02/02/11 08:02:13 PM 02/03/11 06:02:13 AM 02/03/11 04:02:13 PM 02/04/11 02:02:13 AM 02/04/11 12:02:13 PM 02/04/11 10:02:13 PM 02/05/11 08:02:13 AM 02/05/11 06:02:13 PM 02/06/11 04:02:13 AM 02/06/11 02:02:13 PM 02/07/11 12:02:13 AM 02/07/11 10:02:13 AM 02/07/11 08:02:13 PM 02/08/11 06:17:13 AM 02/08/11 04:02:13 PM 02/09/11 02:02:13 AM 02/09/11 12:02:13 PM 02/09/11 10:02:13 PM Temperature °C 26 Time Base case (heating on) Optimum 1 (heating off) Optimum 2 (heating off) Min Comfort Time Base case (heating on) Optimum 1 (heating off) Optimum 2 (heating off) Min Comfort Figure 9: Optimum design solutions in Classrooms S and N It can be seen that the indoor air temperature is decreased by maximum 3K by the applications of optimum solutions in Classroom S. However, the indoor air temperature is still more than the minimum comfort band with no heating system in operation which significantly helps to reduce the energy consumption of the school building. In addition, the reduction of the indoor air temperature during the occupied period in Classroom N was more than Classroom S. The possible reason is the orientation of the classroom. As the classroom faced north, the effect of thermal mass is much less than the south facing classroom because it get no solar radiation in winter period. However, the minimum temperature during the teaching hours is more than 17°C, with no heating system in operation, which can be tolerated by wearing suitable clothes. Table 5: Proposed passive design strategies for the female secondary school building in Tehran Passive Strategies Solution Current Practice in a base case Orientation South-South East South Glazing Double, with air in between 6 mm Single glazing Wall Insulation 10 cm common thermal insulation material on external side of external walls layers No wall insulation Roof Insulation 5 cm common thermal insulation materials on internal side of roof layers 5 cm insulation on the external layers of roof Thermal Mass 25 cm high-density concrete blocks or 30 cm outer 30 cm brick in external walls bricks in external walls The aim of the optimum solution was to keep the indoor air temperature in an acceptable condition in winter using passive design strategies and with no heating system in operation which is the case in this study and as a result the energy demands of the building can be reduced while indoor air temperature is kept in an acceptable condition. Table 5 shows the suggested optimum solution for the female secondary school building with respect to the thermal satisfaction of the occupants and passive design strategies for climatic condition of the city of Tehran. 760 ZEMCH 2015 | International Conference | Bari - Lecce, Italy

ZEMCH 2015 - International Conference Proceedings | Page 762