ZEMCH 2015 - International Conference Proceedings | Page 559

within allowable costs, the simulations reveal a critical aspect of the initial proposed solutions:
the settlement in the plot boundary and the single sloped roof created a very high lateral blind
wall. Depending on their orientation, it may impair the thermal performance, if it receives excess
sunstroke. On the border of the plot, the installation of eaves or other shading elements is not
possible. These findings become design constraints and have direct impact on volumetric studies, roof customization and facade.
4.6 Solar heating
In agreement to the National Plan on Climate Change and to meet the energy efficiency targets of
the National Energy Plan (PNE 2030) the use of solar energy for water heating became mandatory
in PMCMV. According to estimates by the federal bank responsible for managing the PMCMV, this
measure can reduce by 30% the amount of energy bill. Acquisition and installation costs of the
equipment are limited to $ 650.00 per housing unit. Beneficiaries receive a booklet w ith recommendations for maintenance and to save water and energy (Caixa 2013).
Although research indicates satisfaction of the residents with the system (Caixa 2014), through the
POE, there were some problems resulting from misuse, poor maintenance and leaks. . Furthermore, in Brazil the provision of a cold water tank is required, which results in some limitations to
the equipment position.

Figure 13: Initial proposal for Solar Heating System
Therefore, design team initiated studies to identify opportunities for improving the solar heating
system, for example, proposing an industrial equipment combining shells, plates and connections to simplify the installation (Figure 13). There are similar solutions in other countries and may
serve as a basis for developing an appropriate solution in the Brazilian context.
The basic idea is a set that can be installed on a horizontal basis and in accordance with the solar
orientation, with quality control, reliability, low maintenance and cost - possible in case of mass
production. Studies are still in early stages and its development depends on partnerships with
industry.
4.7 Roof and facades
The first roof version was developed privileging the manufacturing conditions and set up on the
construction site. As the building is implanted with one side on the border, it was established as
a guideline the elimination of gutters and/or solutions that resulted in higher maintenance. The
natural solution was to adopt single sloped roofing in the opposite direction of the border and
eaves. Were designed three prefab modules that could be quickly assembled on site using the
same crane used in the assembly of the walls (Figure 14).

A design process proposal to brazilian Government’s social housing program

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