This section will present some solutions to the rapid growth of population in Indonesia focusing on below aspects : 1 . Emphasis on family planning and population policies . 2 . Educating women : Allowing women rights to health care , education and employment . 3 . Create an economic and social climate in which people of their own volition , will desire to have fewer children .
To accomplish demographic change that picks up the economic development and lowers the population growth , it is vital to first provide convenient solutions to poverty . Although Indonesia has witnessed major movement towards development and enlarging the urban areas , due to the instable or slow raising economy , people living in the urban areas still suffer from high living standards that draw them closer to the poverty line . In a developing country , poverty is the consequence of low productivity , corrupted and inefficient government and at an unfair distribution ( gap between the rich and the poor members ).
World Bank claimed that Indonesia ’ s land area consist of forestlands for more than 70 %. Recent studies confirmed that around a quarter of Indonesian ( 50-60 million ) 80 % of them live in rural parts of the islands , 20 % live under poverty line . Poorer household in these rural areas are deprived from certain property rights , placing them in a constant pressure to relocate to banished land . Thus , it is essential to highlight rural poverty . United Nations ( 2010 ) published a study about overcoming population growth , among successful countries ; Bangladesh witnessed the most drastic change in population . Fertility rates in Bangladesh dropped 60 % from ( 1970 to 1975 ), from 6.9 to 2.4 in ( 2005 to 2010 ) children per woman .
Agriculture ( Food Insecurity ) Establishing the serious impact of poverty , Indonesia must create wide range of employment opportunities for the various categories of its society . This section prompts a main factor for the new cycle ( sustainable package ). Targeting the poorer societies in rural areas , agriculture profession needs to be viewed in a new perspective that will lead to specialization of labour as long-term settlements .
The following factors establish the importance of agriculture : Rehabilitation of the land which is not new to the society as Indonesia depends on agriculture and development , however due to miss guidance of consumption people used the land inefficiently led to environmental degradation . Therefore , agriculture is the best way to rehabilitate the damage caused to the land . This can be achieved through going back to employing the available natural resources such as forests , grasslands , fisheries , reefs and waterway resources . Eventually , this will push the locals to set these resources as a priority and take firmer action towards improving these resources and protecting it from further depletion . The use of soil and water ground will prevent soil erosion by planting the appropriate type of farming for the areas that are vulnerable to soil erosion . Moreover , Indonesia is considered to have a tropical climate , which creates a suitable environment for certain types of food production such as rice , coffee , tea , rubber , palm oil and tropical fruits . Thus , agriculture can fit perfectly in the available climate and individuals can use this unique tropical condition in favour of rebuilding the land .
Another factor is the restoration of the forest areas through planting trees that grow quickly and provide income through the sale of its production . At the same time , this increases the welfare of the communities around the forest by other activities , such as tourist destinations and recreational areas for locals . Furthermore , it creates long-term settlement for the inhabitants of the rural
394 ZEMCH 2015 | International Conference | Bari - Lecce , Italy