ZEMCH 2015 - International Conference Proceedings

Deep Ecology Moderate Ecology Accommodating Environmentalism Cornucopian Environmentalism Belief system Transpersonal Ecology Stand-point Table 1: Ecocentric and anthropocentric standpoints. (Source: Author) Religious level of belief Bio-ethics and intrinsic value Primary value of ecosystems Intra and intergenerational equity Support for traditional ethical reasoning Accepts ‘carrying capacity’ of earth argument Instrumental value in nature Rights of humans Accepts ‘carrying capacity’ of earth argument Emotional and irrational Rational and pro science Lacks faith in technology Population Population cull Resource consumption World view Faith in science and technology Reduce population Zero population growth Silent Extreme preservationist Resource conservationist Resource preservation Ecocentric Resource exploitative Anthropocentric Lacks faith in technology Faith in technology Waste Reuse, repair and then recycle Economic Capitalism is not sustainable. Rejects consumerism. Heavily regulated economy. Capitalism is not sustainable. Do not favour overseas trade. ‘eco’nomics. Rejects consumerism Little overseas trade. Zero economic growth. Capitalism is not sustainable. Do not favour overseas trade. ‘eco’nomics. Rejects consumerism. Little overseas trade. Managed growth. Capitalism is sustainable. Consumerism is acceptable. Overseas trade is acceptable. Maximise growth. Capitalism is sustainable. Substitution theory prevails. Laissez faire economics. Green consumerism is accepted. Promotes consumerism. Promote foreign trade / agreements Energy Preservationist Preservationist Conservationist Conservationist Nuclear is acceptable, conserve and increase consumption Strong sustainability Weak sustainability Very weak sustainability Very strong sustainability Recycle Conceptual understanding of sustainability in built environment professionals 65

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