World Food Policy Volume 3, No. 2/Volume 4, No. 1, Fall16/Spring17 | Page 6

World Food Policy consideramos el enriquecimiento tailandés en el comercio inter- nacional de alimentos y los impactos que tiene en la seguridad ali- menticia y de nutrientes para los agricultores y consumidores ur- banos. Repasamos acercamientos políticos del pasado y el presente y examinamos los prospectos que tiene Tailandia para interactuar con esos nuevos desafíos. Palabras clave: Globalización; transición de nutrientes; Sudeste Asiático; sustentabilidad; Tailandia 摘要 泰国和世界粮食系统紧密联系,其食品出口对该国与全球之 间的连接十分关键。泰国一直引领全球应对与贫困相关的营 养不良,其国内粮食处于安全状态。(泰国)正面临着新的 挑战,这些挑战源于肥胖和膳食疾病的增加,以及农民为避 免非可持续农业集约化而限制生产、进而产生相对贫困的情 况增多。本文考量了泰国涉入全球粮食贸易,并对农民和城 市消费者在粮食和营养安全上产生的影响。作者检验了以往 和当下的政策措施,然后考察了泰国在迎接这些全新挑战时 的前景。 关键词:全球化;营养变迁;东南亚;可持续性;泰国 1. Introduction alence of undernutrition, particularly among children, has fallen, especially oday’s globalized food system in East Asia and Latin America (Inter- has increased food availability national Food Policy Research Institute, overall, improving food securi- 2013). But food security so defined does ty. Indeed, since the early 1990s global not reflect nutrition security of national per capita food energy availability has populations for two reasons. First, food increased 100–200 calories per capita is not shared equitably due to economic per year (Traill, Mazzocchi, Shankar, & inequality within countries, so under- Hallam, 2014). Consequently, the prev- nutrition persists. Second, sufficient T 6