World Food Policy
30,681
10,769
7.10
Table 8. Sources of On-Farm Income at
Fish Farms in Hai Duong Province
Source: survey, 2015.
52
the Red River Delta has shown
the evolution from low-input
on-farm integrated systems to
high-input off-farm integrated
and commercial systems, sup-
plying significant amounts of
fish to rural and urban consum-
ers. The aquaculture production
systems play a key role in the de-
velopment and diversity of food
systems. This is clear evidence
that these fish production sys-
tems, especially IAA—VAC and
AF systems are becoming more
and more important in northern
Vietnam for food security and
rural development.
The mono-aquaculture
or intensive fish farming (FS
system) seems to be less effi-
cient and stable in terms of re-
source-utilization and economic
fears (production risks, market
risks ... ). With similar levels of
farm resources, and investment
capital, farms with the AF sys-
tem are able to obtain a much
better return than that of farms
belonging to the FS system.
Moreover, the most efficient
farms use the VAC system. This
strongly supports VAC as a sus-
tainable food system in develop-
ing countries in the context of
rapid loss of agricultural land to
urbanization and industrializa-
tion. What will be the sustain-
able food production system of
the future? Which will feed the
growing population on smaller
and smaller areas of cultivated
land?