World Food Policy Volume 3, No. 2/Volume 4, No. 1, Fall16/Spring17 | Page 52

World Food Policy 30,681 10,769 7.10 Table 8. Sources of On-Farm Income at Fish Farms in Hai Duong Province Source: survey, 2015. 52 the Red River Delta has shown the evolution from low-input on-farm integrated systems to high-input off-farm integrated and commercial systems, sup- plying significant amounts of fish to rural and urban consum- ers. The aquaculture production systems play a key role in the de- velopment and diversity of food systems. This is clear evidence that these fish production sys- tems, especially IAA—VAC and AF systems are becoming more and more important in northern Vietnam for food security and rural development. The mono-aquaculture or intensive fish farming (FS system) seems to be less effi- cient and stable in terms of re- source-utilization and economic fears (production risks, market risks ... ). With similar levels of farm resources, and investment capital, farms with the AF sys- tem are able to obtain a much better return than that of farms belonging to the FS system. Moreover, the most efficient farms use the VAC system. This strongly supports VAC as a sus- tainable food system in develop- ing countries in the context of rapid loss of agricultural land to urbanization and industrializa- tion. What will be the sustain- able food production system of the future? Which will feed the growing population on smaller and smaller areas of cultivated land?