Wings of fire - Sir APJ ABDUL KALAM Wings of fire | Page 46

unfolded his plan of developing a rocket-assisted take-off
system (RATO) for military aircraft. This would help our
warplanes to take off from short runways in the Himalayas.
Hot coffee was served over small talk. It was totally
uncharacteristic of Prof. Sarabhai. But as soon as we
finished the coffee, Prof. Sarabhai rose and asked us to
accompany him to Tilpat Range on the outskirts of Delhi.
As we were passing through the lobby, I threw a cursory
glance at the sofa where I had left the book. It was not there.
It was about an hour’s drive to the Range. Prof.
Sarabhai showed us a Russian RATO. “If I get you the
motors of this system from Russia, could you do it in
eighteen months time?” Prof. Sarabhai asked us. “Yes, we
can!” Both Gp Capt VS Narayanan and I spoke almost
simultaneously. Prof. Sarabhai’s face beamed, reflecting
our fascination. I recalled what I had read, “He will bestow
on you a light to walk in.”
After dropping us back at the Hotel Ashoka, Prof.
Sarabhai went to the Prime Minister’s house for a
breakfast meeting. By that evening, the news of India taking
up the indigenous development of a device to help short run
take-offs by high performance military aircraft, with myself
heading the project, was made public. I was filled with many
emotions— happiness, gratitude, a sense of fulfilment and
these lines from a littleknown poet of the nineteenth-century
crossed my mind:
For all your days prepare
And meet them ever alike
When you are the anvil, bear –
When you are the hammer, strike.
RATO motors were mounted on aircraft to provide the
additional thrust required during the take-off run under
certain adverse operating conditions like partially bombed-
out runways, high altitude airfields, more than the
prescribed load, or very high ambient temperatures. The
Air Force was in dire need of a large number of RATO
motors for their S22 and HF-24 aircraft.
The Russian RATO motor shown to us at the Tilpat
Range was capable of generating a 3000 kg thrust with a
total impulse of 24500 kgseconds. It weighed 220 kg and
had a double base propellant encased in steel. The
development work was to be carried out at the Space
Science and Technology Centre with the assistance of the
Defence Research and Development Organization
(DRDO), HAL, DTD&P(Air) and Air Headquarters.
After a detailed analysis of the available options, I
chose a fibreglass motor casing. We decided in favour of a
composite propellant which gives a higher specific impulse
and aimed at a longer burning time to utilize it completely. I
also decided to take additional safety measures by
incorporating a diaphragm which would rupture if the
chamber pressure for some reason exceeded twice the
operating pressure. Two significant developments occurred
during the work on RATO. The first was the release of a
ten-year profile for space research in the country, prepared
by Prof. Sarabhai. This profile was not merely an activity
plan laid down by the top man for his team to comply with, it
was a theme paper meant for open discussions, to be later
transformed into a programme. In fact, I found it was the
romantic manifesto of a person deeply in love with the
space research programme in his country.
The plan mainly centred around the early ideas which
had been born at INCOSPAR; it included utilization of
satellites for television and developmental education,
meteorological observations and remote sensing for