WindsurfingUK issue 10 March 2019 | Page 67

longer boom is proportionally inefficient if you are looking at power plus manoeuvrability rather than power for a given leverage the sailor can hold. With a lower aspect ratio you can physically hold more power but we don´t need to go full tilt on a wave board and you need proportionally more area. With an higher aspect sail your stance is more upright in a manoeuvre ready position and when you use the sail to help manoeuvring, it has more effect as well. This is why the Slayer has a higher centre of effort and the Karma has it lower. 67 How long was it before you reached the end point and a sail design you were happy with? What key points did you want to address and why? As I had been on one brand for +10 years, I had become to appreciate their wind range. These sails have a lot of seam shaping without batten rotation. This gives a lot of grunt in super light winds and a stable shape in high winds. But you can’t make the shape disappear, so on the wave it can’t depower, it gives more drag and the rotation is quite hard. Most other wave sails are pretty flat without wind and getting their shape only from batten rotation, so you need more wind to bend the battens to get shape. If you set a flat sail really full (like in the photo above) the battens need to rotate a long way around the mast, making it harder to flip the sail and the sail becomes unstable. As a flat sail only gets its shape stability from the batten profiling, they are overpowered sooner as well. There was nothing in between really that uses both seam shaping and batten rotation. Some brands do have some seam shaping but only around 20% I was used to, so there still is a surprisingly big gap in between. So I was willing to sacrifice some of the wind range in favour of handling and wave riding and we started reducing the amount of seam shaping bit by bit. Going along I was expecting to lose some low-end grunt but funny enough it did not – on the contrary it was getting even a little better, which I could not place at first. During the testing I was also videoing the sails behaviour on the water from both sides to watch it back in slow motion. It was when comparing with pictures of my previous sails that I noticed that sails with a lot of seam shaping do not have a smooth profile on the leeward side of the sail, where the mast sleeve is attached to the sail – there is a kink. The leeward side generates two thirds of a foil. To increase the wind range even more, the seam shaping we use is S-curved, locking the shape forward and we used less outhaul tension to make the sail twist off more harmonically, like most brands do. The outline also became something in between, the foot and clew cut up higher to have more clearance like various known wave sails but with the slightly higher aspect ratio of my previous brand. Wave sailing is not about top end speed but to have the best combination between enough power to be planing and a very good handling – for which a higher aspect ratio is better. A sail gives lift by bending air and the amount of air (luff length) that gets bend is more important than for how long (boom length). Or in other words: You get two thirds of the power from the first third of the sail so a About three years and 30 prototype sails before we went to the first production. More if you count the three batten proto sails we made as well. They were working very well but simply not as all round and durable as the four batten Slayer. And in terms of hours testing; can you put a number on that? Hardly, no idea really, we just go sailing and don’t really see that as ‘work’. Two years of testing between 5-7 people would make like 2000+ hours? How do WC sails differ from others? As explained, for the amount of seam shape we are half-way between my former brand and other brands. But from testing the smaller sizes in Pozo and Sotavento, we found we did not want too much power in the small sizes and having to rig even smaller. Sail sizes can get too small too, you want to have some size in your hands to work with, so we made the smaller sizes increasingly less powerful and the 3.7 and 3.3 are getting pretty flat with more batten rotation. In the end the biggest size has about 60% of the seam shape of my previous brand and the 3.7 and 3.3 just 25%. The amount of seam shaping morphs through the range so to speak and basically gives a bigger range than the numbers indicate. Using both seam shaping and batten rotation gives the best of both worlds, a big wind range, both natural and tuneable still with a very smooth handling and rotation. It is easy to find the right angle of attack and, as battens themselves want to become straight, it is still easy to depower or rotate the sail. You see some brands moving also into this direction, which in a way is reassuring. Any plans to tweak Karma or Slayer design? If so, how? At the moment we have been concentrating on reducing weight whilst keeping durability. We were already using symmetrical batten pockets and a kevlar reinforced frame layout. By using very strong seam tapes we could now get rid of the dacron seam reinforcement tapes and actually end up stronger with greatly reduced seam creep. The top two battens on all sails are now narrower to reduce weight at the top, the Karma has a slightly thinner scrim in the leach, and the Slayer now has a full 100% Dyneema mast sleeve, which is not only three times as strong but also 40% lighter. The sails are not the lightest out there but not the heaviest either and for sure the most durable. uk WIND SURFING