Why Enzymes Are Important in Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment? Why Enzymes Are Important in Clinical Diagnosis an

Why Enzymes Are Important in Clinical Diagnosis and
Treatment?
Enzymes, early referred to the meaning of “in yeast”, is actually a kind of biological catalysts
produced by living cells in organisms, most of which are generally globular proteins. The
enzymes can efficiently catalyze various biochemical reactions and promote the metabolism
of organisms under conditions in the normal body. Life activities such as digestion, absorption,
respiration, exercise and reproduction are all enzymatic reactions. Therefore, Enzymes are the
basis for cells to survive.
There are numerous enzymes in the human body, which are complex in structure and various
in variety. As far as we know, more than 3,000 kinds of enzymes have been discovered, such
as pepsin, trypsin and other hydrolases. The protein that the human body takes from food
must be hydrolyzed into amino acids under the activities of pepsin. More than 20 kinds of the
amino acids required are selected under the function of other enzymes, which then
recombined into other various proteins needed by the human body. Many complicated
reactions occurred in the whole process. It can be said that without enzymes biological
metabolism will not continue and thus the whole colorful biological communities in the
natural world will disappear. Now we have known how crucial the enzymes are in living
organisms, and that is why enzymes can be applied to clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Enzymes in the Diagnosis of Disease
Enzymatic diagnosis is a method to diagnose diseases by measuring the content and changes
of certain substances in the body, or through the changes of the original enzyme activity in
the body. It is obvious that enzymatic diagnostic methods based on two aspects: changes in
the original enzyme activity in the body and changes of certain substances in body fluids,
which is detected by enzymes. Phosphatase is a hydrolase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of
phosphate monoester into inorganic phosphate under acidic conditions. Serum acid
phosphatase activity will be elevated in the body of patients with prostate cancer or
hyperparathyroidism. Another examples: glucose oxidase can be used to detect glucose
content in diabetes diagnosis; urease can be used to measure the urea content to diagnose
liver and kidney lesions; cholesterol oxidase can be used to measure the content of cholesterol
in the blood to diagnose hyperlipidemia; glutaminase can be used to measure glutamine
content in cerebrospinal fluid to diagnose cirrhosis and hepatic coma; DNA polymerase can
be used to test whether the gene is normal or whether there is any oncogene exists in the
body. Due to the unique enzyme characteristics of specificity, high-catalytic efficiency and
mild action conditions, the enzymatic diagnosis has become a reliable, simple and rapid
diagnostic method.
Enzymes in Diseases Prevention and Treatment