REFERENCES
1. Steiner HL, Strand EA. Surgical-site infection in gynecologic surgery: pathophysiology and prevention. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2017; 217( 2): 121-128. doi: 10.1016 / S0002-9378( 17) 30254-5.
2. Soper DE, Goje OJ. Posthysterectomy pelvic abscess. UpToDate. Wolters Kluwer; updated 2024. Accessed June 5, 2025.
3. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Practice Bulletin No. 195: prevention of infection after gynecologic procedures. Obstet Gynecol. 2018; 131( 6): e172-e189. doi: 10.1097 / AOG. 0000000000002663.
4. Till SR, Morgan DM, Bazzi AA, et al. Reducing surgical site infections after hysterectomy: metronidazole plus cefazolin compared with cephalosporin alone. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2017; 217( 2): 187. e1-187. e11. doi: 10.1016 / j. ajog. 2017.03.019.
5. Lachiewicz MP, Moulton LJ, Jaiyeoba O. Pelvic surgical site infections in gynecologic surgery. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol. 2015; 2015:614950. doi: 10.1155 / 2015 / 614950.
6. McElligott KA, Havrilesky LJ, Myers ER. Preoperative screening strategies for bacterial vaginosis prior to elective hysterectomy: a cost comparison study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2011; 205( 5): 500. e1- 500. e7. doi: 10.1016 / j. ajog. 2011.07.012.
7. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Practice Bulletin No. 72: vaginitis. Obstet Gynecol. 2006; 107( 5): 1195-1206. doi: 10.1097 / 00006250-200605000- 00049.
8. Wright JD, Herzog TJ, Watts C, et al. Surgical site infection after hysterectomy: incidence and risk factors. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013; 209( 3): 222. e1-222. e8.
9. Lake AG, McPencow AM, Dick- Biascoechea MA, et al. Surgical site infection after hysterectomy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013; 209( 5): 490. e1-490. e9. doi: 10.1016 / j. ajog. 2013.06.018.
10. Woodward C, Fisher MA. Drug treatment of common STDs: vaginal infections, pelvic inflammatory disease and genital warts. Am Fam Physician. 1999; 60( 6): 1716-1722.
11. Carr PL, Rothberg MB, Friedman RH, et al. Shotgun versus sequential testing: cost-effectiveness of diagnostic strategies for vaginitis. J Gen Intern Med. 2005; 20( 9): 793-799. doi: 10.1111 / j. 1525-1497.2005.0188.
12. Knisely A, Iniesta MD, Marten CA, et al. Metronidazole and cefazolin vs cefazolin alone for surgical site infection prophylaxis in gynecologic surgery at a comprehensive cancer center. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2024; 231( 3): 326. e1-326. e13. doi: 10.1016 / j. ajog. 2024.03.012.
13. Gorman M, Kredentser A, Katehis IA, et al. Addition of metronidazole to standardof-care perioperative prophylaxis at the time of hysterectomy for gynecologic malignancies. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2025 Oct; 35( 10): 102036. doi: 10.1016 / j. ijgc. 2025.102036.
14. Pradhan T, Zhang H, Kadesh A, et al. PROJECT PREVENT: a randomized controlled trial of preoperative vaginal metronidazole to decrease patient issues and infections after hysterectomy. BMJ Surg Interv Health Technol. 2024; 6( 1): e000241. doi: 10.1136 / bmjsit-2023-000241.
Submit your nomination for the West Virginia Executive Health Care Hall of Fame Class of 2026 by November 1, 2026 at wvexecutive. com / health-care-hall-of-fame.
West Virginia Medical Journal • September 2026 • 19