5 . Hsu DJ , McCarthy EP , Stevens JP , Mukamal KJ . Hospitalizations , costs and outcomes associated with heroin and prescription opioid overdoses in the United States 2001-12 . Addiction . 2017 ; 112 ( 9 ): 1558-1564 . doi : 10.1111 / add . 13795 .
6 . Jones CM . Heroin use and heroin use risk behaviors among nonmedical users of prescription opioid pain relievers - United States , 2002-2004 and 2008-2010 . Drug Alcohol Depend . 2013 ; 132 ( 1-2 ): 95-100 . doi : 10.1016 / j . drugalcdep . 2013.01.007 .
7 . Daubresse M , Chang HY , Yu Y , et al . Ambulatory diagnosis and treatment of nonmalignant pain in the United States , 2000-2010 . Med Care . 2013 ; 51 ( 10 ): 870-878 . doi : 10.1097 / MLR . 0b013e3182a95d86 .
8 . McCann KS , Barker S , Cousins R , et al . Structured Management of Chronic Nonmalignant Pain with Opioids in a Rural Primary Care Office . J Am Board Fam Med . 2018 ; 31 ( 1 ): 57-63 . doi : 10.3122 / jabfm . 2018.01.170163 .
9 . Anderson D , Zlateva I , Khatri K , Ciaburri N . Using health information technology to improve adherence to opioid prescribing guidelines in primary care . Clin J Pain . 2015 ; 31 ( 6 ): 573-579 . doi : 10.1097 / AJP . 0000000000000177 .
10 . Tanner JA , Rao KT , Salas RE , et al . Incorporating students into clinic may be associated with both improved clinical productivity and educational value . Neurol Clin Pract . 2017 ; 7 ( 6 ): 474-482 . doi : 10.1212 / CPJ . 0000000000000394 .
11 . Glass KP , Anderson JR . Relative value units : from A to Z ( Part I of IV ). J Med Pract Manage . 2002 ; 17 ( 5 ): 225-228 .
12 . Berlin MF , Faber BP , Berlin LM . RVU costing in a medical group practice . Healthc Financ Manage . 1997 ; 51 ( 10 ): 78-81 .
13 . Davies ML , Goffman RM , May JH , et al . Large-Scale No-Show Patterns and Distributions for Clinic Operational Research . Healthcare ( Basel ). 2016 ; 4 ( 1 ): 15 . Published 2016 Feb 16 . doi : 10.3390 / healthcare4010015 .
14 . Moore CG , Wilson-Witherspoon P , Probst JC . Time and money : effects of no-shows at a family practice residency clinic . Fam Med . 2001 ; 33 ( 7 ): 522-527 .
15 . Lacy NL , Paulman A , Reuter MD , Lovejoy B . Why we don ' t come : patient perceptions on no-shows . Ann Fam Med .
2004 ; 2 ( 6 ): 541-545 . doi : 10.1370 / afm . 123 .
16 . Federation of State Medical Boards of the United States , Inc . Model policy for the use of controlled substances for the treatment of pain . J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother . 2005 ; 19 ( 2 ): 73-78 .
17 . Centers For Disease Control And Prevention Public Health Service U S Department Of Health And Human Services . Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain . J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother . 2016 ; 30 ( 2 ): 138-140 . doi : 10.3109 / 15360288.2016.1173761 .
18 . Cheung CW , Qiu Q , Choi SW , Moore B , Goucke R , Irwin M . Chronic opioid therapy for chronic non-cancer pain : a review and comparison of treatment guidelines . Pain Physician . 2014 ; 17 ( 5 ): 401-414 .
19 . Chou R , Fanciullo GJ , Fine PG , et al . Clinical guidelines for the use of chronic opioid therapy in chronic noncancer pain . J Pain . 2009 ; 10 ( 2 ): 113-130 . doi : 10.1016 / j . jpain . 2008.10.008 .
20 . Dowell D , Haegerich TM , Chou R . CDC Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain--United States , 2016 . JAMA . 2016 ; 315 ( 15 ): 1624-1645 . https :// doi . org / 10.1001 / jama . 2016.1464 .
Drug or Alcohol Problem ? Mental Illness ?
ALL CALLS are CONFIDENTIAL
West Virginia Medical Professionals Health Program 4013 Buckhannon Pike Mount Clare , WV 26408
If you have a drug or alcohol problem , or are suffering from a mental illness you can get help by contacting the West Virginia Medical Professionals Health Program . Information about physician ’ s , podiatrist ’ s and physician assistant ’ s participation in the program is confidential . These practitioners entering the program as self-referrals without a complaint filed against them may remain confidential and are not reported to their licensing board .
( 304 ) 933-1030 | www . wvmphp . org
26 • www . wvsma . org