We the Italians April 5, 2015 - 57 | Page 24

TH # 57 • APRIL 5 , 2015 # 57 •APRIL 5 read more about #Great Italians of the Past GREAT ITALIANS OF THE PAST: ARTEMISIA GENTILESCHI By Giovanni Verde Artemisia Gentileschi was born in Rome on July 8, 1593. Since she is a child, she shows to have an extraordinary talent for painting, also pushed by the stimulating Roman environment made by several artists friends of his father Orazio, also a painter. The style of his father was referring explicitly to that of Caravaggio, thus also Artemisia follows his footsteps until getting to personally know the great Lombard artist. The influence of Caravaggio is mitigated by the equally strong influence of her father: the apprenticeship in Orazio’s studio represents for Artemisia the only way to practice her art, being prohibited for a female painter to attend art schools. As a matter of fact, at that time a woman could not even work, but she had to live just out of her family status; women's work was not officially recognized, so it was done illegally. The first artwork attributed to the seventeen years old Artemisia, albeit aided by her father, determined to improve and promote her early artistic talent, is “Susanna e i vecchioni” (Susanna and the Elders) of 1610. It is impossible not to associate the pressure exerted by the two characters to Susanna in the painting to the complex relationship of Artemisia with hers father and with Agostino Tassi, the painter who in May 1611 will rape her. The process that follows ends for Tassi with a mild sentence, and is extensively documented: the rawness of Artemisia’s reporting is shocking, and it will have a great influence to understand in a feminist way the figure of Artemisia Gentileschi, which will be rediscovered only in the second half of the twentieth century. TH 2015 venge against the violence she suffered. After the conclusion of the process, in the November of 1612 Orazio combines for Artemisia a marriage with Pierantonio Stiattesi, a modest Florentine artist, which will be instrumental for Artemisia, raped, deceived and denigrated Artemisia becomes a symbol by Tassi, to come back to a soof international feminism. The cial status of sufficient "integriestablishing of such a strong ty". Shortly after the marriage image is helped by her cha- the couple moves to Florence, racter of being a woman firm- where they have four children: ly committed to pursuing her but only the daughter Prudenindependence and her artistic zia lives long enough to follow statement against the many the mother back to Rome and difficulties and prejudices en- then to Naples. Leaving Rome countered in her troubled life. is almost obligatory: the painFor a woman in the early se- ter has lost the favor and the venteenth century, to paint - appreciation from the other as Artemisia did - represented artists, overshadowed by the a choice neither common nor scandal. easy. The story of Artemisia GentiThe painting which depicts leschi is then revalued in the “Giuditta che decapita Olo- following centuries. In recent ferne” (Judith times, many associations and slaying Holo- clubs have been entitled to fernes) in 1613, the great Italian painter, symstored at the Na- bol of a kind of woman who, in tional Museum years of great difficulties, has of Capodimonte been able to make her own hinear Naples, is story with determination and impressing for courage. the violence of the scene it depicts, and it has been psycho- 1: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ commons/3/32/Artemisia_Gentileschi_Selfporlogically and trait_Martyr.jpg psychoanalyti- 2: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ commons/4/4e/Artemisia_Gentileschi_-_Judically interpreted th_Beheading_Holofernes_-_WGA8563.jpg as a desire for re- 3: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Artemisia_Gentileschi_-_Self-Portrait_as_a_Lute_Player.JPG 24 | WE THE ITALIANS WE THE ITALIANS | 25 www.wetheitalians.com www.wetheitalians.com