Water, Sewage & Effluent November-December 2016 | Page 32

Instead, says KPMG, he merely highlighted short-term relief projects that are currently under way, like Operation Hydrate. Siyanda Ralane, a consultant in financial services at KPMG, notes that in Kwazulu-Natal, an initial sum of R352.6million plus an additional R96.6-million have been set aside to mitigate the impact of the drought. “However, a long-term solution would be needed to address water wastage through water demand management programmes at a local government level. At a national level, adequate investment must be made to ensure a more sustainable means of managing the available water resources,” he says. Falling short Ralane argues that while the previous budget set aside R12.4-billion for water infrastructure development (including R7.9-billion for water resource infrastructure), it fell short of what was needed. Due to the current state of the economy, it is expected that the amount set aside in the 2016/7 budget will be even less. “This means that infrastructure implementation will have to be done over a longer period. In this case, care must be taken to complete the implementation before the next El Niño,” Ralane says. “Despite the current water crisis, it was revealed at the end of last year that the Department of Water and Sanitation failed to spend a hefty R2-billion of its budget in 2015.” 30 Water Sewage & Effluent November/December 2016 Currently, South Africa’s aging water infrastructure is in need of a major overhaul, as some 55% of wastewater treatment plants, especially the smaller ones, do not meet effluent standards. In addition, some do not even measure effluent quality. Government launched a Green Drop certification for municipal wastewater treatment, which shows that as of May 2011, seven out of 159 water supply authorities were certified with the green drop and 32 out of 1 237 wastewater treatment plants were certified with the green drop. In 2009, when 449 wastewater treatment plants had been assessed, according to official government data, 7% were classified as excellently managed, 38% “performed within acceptable standards” and 55% did not perform within acceptable standards. According to Bluewater Bio, an international firm that specialises in wastewater treatment, out of 1 600 wastewater treatment plants in South Africa (not all of which were included in the Green Drop assessment) at least 60% are not meeting regulatory compliance requirements. According to a study by the South African Water Research Commission in partnership with the South African Local Government Association, published in June 2013, 44% of wastewater treatment plants included in a representative sample used inappropriate and unnecessarily expensive technologies. “There is a lack of funding for maintenance because of low tariffs, insufficient collection, and the absence of ring-fencing of revenues for the purpose of maintaining assets, so that municipalities run assets to failure,” says Bluewater Bio. Underspending worries Yet, despite the need for South Africa to upgrade its water infrastructure, another concern among those within the water industry is that the state could fail to spend its entire budget allocation, as was the case last year. Despite the current water crisis, it was revealed at the end of last year that the Department of Water and Sanitation failed to spend a hefty R2-billion of its budget in 2015. Meanwhile, the department’s request to the Auditor-General that the amount be rolled over to the current financial year