Water, Sewage & Effluent July-August 2017 | Page 23

Sean Molloy, general manager of Integrated Infrastructure Services at GIBB Engineering & Architecture. Water 2016/17 Unit Level 3 restrictions Step 1 (>0 ≤6kℓ) Step 2 (>6 ≤10.5kℓ) Step 3 (>10.5 ≤20kℓ) Step 4 (>20 ≤35kℓ) Step 5 (>35 ≤50kℓ) Step 6 (>50kℓ) /kℓ /kℓ /kℓ /kℓ /kℓ /kℓ (domestic full)   Would a carrot approach to saving water not be better than the stick approach of fining excessive water users? SM: There is a carrot for saving water in the stepped tariff model that most metros apply. For example, a water-wise household of five people using 200ℓ per person per day, would consume 30kℓ per month. Their water bill would be approximately R700 per month (in Cape Town, which is the metro currently with the biggest crisis). This is excluding the sewer tariff, which is generally linked to water consumption. A similar household using 400ℓ per person per day, would consume 60kℓ a month, and pay R3 900 per month — an increase of more than five times for double the usage. You can, therefore, save significant amounts of money by moderating your water usage. u “This unaccounted water usage is largely because of water leaks and unmetered water usage.” technology resource and government cannot bear the water burden alone. Water scarcity is a significant societal challenge that needs to be shared between governments, non- governmental organisations, the private sector, and society. While we share your view that an integrated approach is best, assuming we have qualified people doing the work, does this not include wetlands, dams, reservoirs, rivers, and so on, most of which are crumbling/dying because the Department of Water and Sanitation has lost all the skilled people but take in Cuban and Italian engineers without registering them as the law requires? SM: The Department of Water and Sanitation, like many of our public institutions and local authorities, has significant capacity constraints due to the lack of resources. We believe there are alternative approaches to addressing these problems that do not involve bringing in engineers from outside the country. Ultimately, South Africans cannot afford to ignore this country’s most threatened Consequently, we have a bunch of untrained people out there who now practice plumbing, which is a long way from being a plumber! What is the view on unqualified people practising plumbing, and other trades and professions causing more problems than solutions? SM: A project like this one can be successful if the training is followed by work under the guidance of a professional and/or experienced plumber. The work typically would be limited to leak repairs at a household level in the beginning. For example, taps, tap washer replacement, and repairs to cisterns and small diameter domestic pipes. The repair of leaks in large diameter pipelines is much more complex, and requires specific experience and skills that would not be available to newly trained people. It is also usually monitored and managed by qualified engineers and technicians. The trained people could be a useful pool of resources to be used in an integrated, strategically focused, and well- managed water conservation programme. Importantly, applying just one or two of the above-mentioned solutions will not be as effective as implementing all the solutions together. To do this, the public sector might consider kick-starting the process with a three-year programme, calling for private sector involvement. To achieve a sustainable process, government would need to commit to allocating the savings achieved to the ongoing implementation of the programme. SM: The programme was started relatively recently and no reports on the outcomes that we have access to are available, so I cannot comment on the success or not of this particular programme o