Washington Business Summer 2020 | Page 28

business backgrounder | innovation And there are many other examples of the scientists and researchers working to battle the pandemic throughout the state. Drs. Larry Corey, Julie McElrath and others from the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle are at the center of the effort to test vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Their efforts are funded by the National Institute of Health. Professor Santanu Bose from Washington State University has made a discovery that could prevent deadly complications associated with the virus, and biochemist Garry Buchko from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is studying the virus’ protein structure. And researchers Anirban Basu from the University of Washington and Michael Jackson of the Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute are working to better track and understand COVID-19. “When effective vaccines for COVID-19 come along, we can start going back to normalcy,” Basu told Washington Business. “But I hope that it would not really be the same normalcy as before, where we have been reluctant to fully value the contributions and need for public health investments in our communities. I hope the new normal would appreciate and invest in monitoring, preventing, and educating about the perils of infectious diseases.” Basu is a professor of health economics and director of the Comparative Health Outcomes, Policy and Economics Institute at the University of Washington. He led a study published in May that estimates the COVID-19 infection fatality rate is 1.3%, or 13 times higher than influenza. The study looks at fatality rates among cases where patients show symptoms. Basu’s research also points to a sobering possibility: Twenty percent of the U.S. population could become infected by the end of 2020, and that could lead to 350,000 to 1.2 million deaths. “It depends on how late and how strategically we can open up the economy,” he told Washington Business in June. “Right now, after five months of the epidemic in the U.S., the infection has spread to about 2-6% of the community…There is a large fraction of the community that remains susceptible. There is a good chance that we could see infection spread to 20% of the community by the end of the year, especially in the absence of a vaccine.” The only way to mitigate the spread of the virus is to follow good public health practices, Basu said — washing hands regularly, wearing masks in all public spaces, and not congregating in large numbers. “There may be some questioning of the effectiveness of these measures,” he said. “What’s important to realize is that these measures have been shown in the past to be effective against similar infectious diseases and that the costs of implementing these measures are quite small compared to the potential benefits that they could generate.” A scientist at the Kaiser Permanente Washington “Our goal now at WSU, is to immediately study the A9 antibody with the COVID-19 virus to ensure that neutralizing the A9 protein is effective in decreasing the inflammatory response and severity of the pneumonia, which should translate to increased overall patient survival.” — Santanu Bose, viral infection researcher in Washington State University’s Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology. Health Research Institute is working to better understand the impact of COVID-19 on the general population. Epidemiologist Michael Jackson is studying the burden of the virus among those that seek out medical care, but are not sick enough to be hospitalized. “There’s a lot of work across the country on understanding severe illness, and lots of people looking at COVID patients that wind up in the 28 association of washington business