Volume 68, Issue 3 | Page 10

PEDIATRICS WHY PEDIATRICIANS ARE CALLED TO BE LEADERS IN ANTI-RACISM AUTHOR Ariel Carpenter, MD The first patient of the day was an 8-year-old Black girl with worsening childhood obesity. She had been struggling for years with gradual weight gain. Despite efforts by her mother, she was beginning to show signs of insulin resistance and high blood pressure. The visit focused on healthy dietary interventions and increasing physical activity. I discussed how early interventions could significantly reduce her risk of poor health outcomes later in life. Her mother understood, but also admitted that buying and preparing healthy food was a challenge. Her partner, the patient’s father, had passed away from gun violence last year, leaving her mother with three children to care for—alone. Recently, they’d had to move, and were now even farther from the closest grocery store – which is an hour away, round-trip, on public transportation. Her mother was working multiple jobs, overwhelmed and exhausted. Pediatricians spend countless hours counseling patients in similar situations, encouraging lifestyle changes, understanding challenges, trying to intervene early and turn the tide. What we don’t often say and don’t highlight, is the single most important factor in this patient’s life and many others: racism. We tend to consider the role of race only in its overt examples and ignore the pervasive and subtle influence it has on daily life. Systemic racism affects countless facets of our charges’ lives. Children of color are more likely to suffer from higher rates of infant death, gun violence, childhood obesity, youth incarceration and mental health disorders. Recent studies published in Pediatrics found children of color suffer from decreased treatment of sepsis and more frequently receive less than optimal pain reduction following fracture in pediatric emergency departments. The roots of these, and many other issues that touch health care, can frequently be tied back to the systems and privileges tied to racism. It is time pediatricians rise to the challenge of becoming anti-racist leaders, a role in which we are uniquely positioned to influence our patients’ lives for the long term. Following the deaths of Breonna Taylor and George Floyd, our country and profession is facing a nationwide reckoning on racism, a reckoning that spotlights physicians’ responsibility to educate ourselves, while calling out racism, even in its subtle and systemic 8 LOUISVILLE MEDICINE