Virginia Tech Mechanical Engineering Annual Report 2019 Annual Report | Page 10

Game-changing filters being tested Joseph Meadows Assistant Professor Research Focus: Combustion; Heat transfer; Advanced laser diagnostics; Thermoacous- tics; Pressure gain combus- tion The U.S. Dept of Energy has a goal of carbon filtration using solid sorbents by 2030. Vir- ginia Tech’s Advanced Power and Propulsion Laboratory is home to a proof-of-concept experiment that could help launch a billion- dollar business that will have enormous impli- cations on how pollutants are collected and recycled, and thus impact the long-term goal. Partnering with MOVA Technologies based in Pulaski, Virginia, Joseph Meadows, an assis- tant professor of mechanical engineering in the College of Engineering, will analyze the company’s panel-bed filters at his test cell in the lab. With Meadows, Stephen Martin, an associate professor of chemical engineering, will serve as the subject-matter-expert in the field of solid sorbents. “Working with MOVA, we will measure the efficacy of the company’s panel-bed filters at absorb- ing various pollutants, saturation time for various conditions and contaminants, and optimize the system’s operational parameters,” said Meadows. “In the future, we will investigate these param- eters in realistic temperature and pressure environments.” Traditional scrubbers remove pollutants en masse leaving tons of collected waste that requires expensive specialty treatment or storage. MOVA’s panel-bed filters are designed to selectively remove individual contaminants, which can then be easily sold on as products in their own right – lowering the amount of pollutants that are put into storage by recycling waste into products. Examples of applications that use recycled waste include: fly ash used in cement, sulfur dioxide used in preservatives and wastewater treatment, nitric oxide used by the fertilizer and medical industries, and carbon dioxide sold as carbon emission credits. Mechanical Engineers develop process to 3D print piezoelectric materials Piezoelectric materials that inhabit everything from cell phones to greeting cards may be getting an upgrade thanks to work discussed in the journal Nature Materials. Xiaoyu ‘Rayne’ Zheng Assistant Professor Research Focus: Xiaoyu ‘Rayne’ Zheng, assistant Hierarchical professor of mechanical engineer- multifunctional ing and his team have developed materials and methods to 3D print piezoelectric materials that can be custom-designed to convert movement, impact and stress from any direc- systems; Me- chanics of ma- tions to electrical energy. Piezoelectric materials come in only a few defined shapes and are made of brittle crystal and ce- terials; Micro ramic – requiring a clean room to manufacture. Zheng’s team developed a technique to 3D print and nanotech- these materials so they are not restricted by shape or size. The material can also be activated nology; Bio- – providing the next generation of intelligent infrastructures and smart materials for tactile sens- medical micro- ing, impact and vibration monitoring, energy harvesting, and other applications. devices The model they developed allows them to manipulate and design arbitrary piezoelectric con- stants, resulting in the material generating electric charge movement in response to incom- ing forces and vibrations from any direction. Unlike conventional piezoelectrics where electric charge movements are prescribed by the intrinsic crystals, the new method allows users to pre- scribe and program voltage responses to be magnified, reversed or suppressed in any direction. 10 Revised and Corrected, Nov. 2019