Virginia Tech Mechanical Engineering Annual Report 2019 Annual Report | Page 7

Bio-inspired technology reinterprets sonar signals In an effort to more effectively process sonar technology, the U.S. Navy has turned to an un- likely source for help – bats. Bats may provide the answer to a glaring problem of drone operation - navigating in dense natural environments. As part of a five-year project for the Office of Naval Research, mechanical engineering professors Rolf Mueller and Michael Roan, are collaborating with three other universities to develop a better model for the sonar skills of bats. Rolf Mueller Professor Mueller has been developing a bat robot using data from his two decades of study of horseshoe and Old World round leaf nosed bats in Asia and Europe. “The idea is the input to the robot - a collection of echoes taken from the forests - are run through a computer simulation of what we think the bat’s brain is doing,” Mueller said. “Then we try to make sense of the signals. It’s like focusing a camera lens – you keep adjusting your input until you get the clearest image.” Research Focus: Bio-inspired technology; Biodiversity in biological form and function; Biosonar sens- ing. A big part in deciphering the signaling process comes from a small cluster of one-half centimeter microphones designed by Roan, that will create an additional correlation for brain researchers. “The project is really about creating a biosonar,” Roan said. Michael Roan Professor Research Focus: Acoustic ma- terials devel- opment and testing; Audio engineering; 3D acoustic immersion More bats - In a seprate paper, this one in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, Rolf Mueller (above) changes how researchers look at bat sonar by showing the movement of a bat’s ears creates a Doppler shift, which the bat can sense, helping them achieve their uncanny ability to navigate through thick vegetation. Revised and Corrected, Nov. 2019 7