Vapouround magazine ISSUE 23 | Page 50

FEATURE ASK THE SCIENTIST Richard Cunningham, PhD answers your frequently asked questions. Nicotine –What is it? Where does it come from and what effects does it have on the lives of vapers? Nicotine is the addictive compound found naturally in the tobacco plant which once hooked, people keep coming back again for their nicotine fix. Nicotine is an alkaloid compound that is naturally occurring in many plants such as cauliflower, potatoes, and tomatoes, although in minute quantities. You would have to eat an unfeasible large quantity to get any physiological effect. In one study performed by E F Domino et al in 1997, it was found that someone would need to eat up to 263g of cauliflower to ingest around 1ug of nicotine – that’s 0.001mg of nicotine, while the average stated quantity of nicotine in a cigarette is 12mg. The nicotine almost everyone is aware of is that which is sourced from the tobacco plant, which is indigenous to the Americas and has been used for various purposes for over 2,000 years. 50 | VM23 The most commonly cultivated version of the plant is N.Tabacum. While there is also the more potent variety N.Rustica, at a content level of around one-to- three percent and as high as nine percent respectively. Generally the nicotine that is used with e-cigarettes is extracted from N.Tabacum using various solvent extraction processes, while there are some methodologies developing for synthetic nicotine production it is significantly more expensive to produce.