Vapouround magazine Issue 03 | Page 188

FYI What’s in your e-liquid? Considering the huge number of different e-liquids out there with almost limitless flavours to choose from, the actual ingredients which make up e-liquid are very few indeed. In fact, many people who are new to vaping are often surprised to find that there is nothing complex or mysterious about e-liquid at all. It is so simple that virtually anyone could do it but that does not mean that anyone could actually make an e-liquid which also tastes good too. E-liquid, also known as juice or e-juice, is the fluid which is rapidly heated to provide the vapour that is inhaled from an e-cigarette. The amount of vapour that is produced can depend on the device being used to atomise the liquid and also on the particular composition of the liquid itself. E-liquids usually contain some or all of the following four ingredients: • • • • Propylene Glycol (often abbreviated to PG) Vegetable Glycerin (often abbreviated to VG) Flavouring (natural and/or artificial) Nicotine The first two ingredients are both bases into which the nicotine and flavourings are dissolved and which produces a smoke-like vapour when heated. Note that it is vapour (and not smoke) which is produced because, unlike a traditional cigarette, nothing is burned in the e-cigarette to produce actual smoke. Both liquid bases are commonly used food additives which are also used in a number of pharmaceutical formulations. For example propylene glycol can be found in asthma inhalers and nebulisers and it is widely used for delivering atomised medication because of its water-retaining properties. Propylene Glycol is non toxic and is on the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Generally Recognised as Safe (GRAS) list. Vegetable Glycerin is a clear, odourless liquid produced from 186 ISSUE 03 VAPOUROUND MAGAZINE plant oils, typically palm oil, soy, or coconut oil. It is a sweet, thick, vegetable based liquid which is non toxic. Many household products, including lotions, shampoo, and toothpaste, contain vegetable glycerin. If an e-liquid was made from a 100 per cent VG base it would be very thick and hard to smoke effectively which is why most e-liquids use a combination of both PG and VG as the base ingredient. Sometimes a small amount of de-ionised water is added to the VG to thin it out and in which case it is known as aqueous glycerin (AG). There are many hundreds, if not thousands of different flavours to choose from when it comes to e-liquid. There are many different tobacco or menthol flavours and also a large number of e-liquids where the flavour comes from adding traditional food flavourings. This can be anything from the more traditional flavours such as vanilla or coffee to a whole host of weird, wonderful and exotic flavour combinations. Different people will favour different flavours and flavour combinations; some people stick to the same flavour or flavours while others like to experiment with a wide range of different tastes. E-liquids can come either with or without nicotine which is highly toxic and very addictive. For those liquids that contain nicotine then it is available in different strengths. The strength of the nicotine (usually shown in milligrams of nicotine per millilitre of liquid) is usually printed on the label of the container that the e-liquid comes in. Generally the higher the nicotine content, the stronger the throat hit, which is the sensation the user experiences at the back of the throat upon inhalation from their e-cigarette device.