Vanderbilt Political Review Winter 2015 | Page 5

WINTER 2015 in January. However, despite the newly Republican Senate, the White House was unwilling to support the compromise and threatened a veto, killing the potential deal. While Republicans may be happy to see a liberal, environmental issue fade away, it seems that the true source of Congress’s failure to pass a PTC extension had more to do with partisan unwillingness to compromise than actual differences on the issues. Unfortunately, given that more en- DOMESTIC type of return from the government. The tax credit also worked to foster innovation within the industry. AWEA reports that consistent government funding bought companies time to create better, more cost-efficient machines. Now, engineers have lost years of guaranteed time to innovate while current business ventures were guaranteed revenue. The PTC was never perfect as inconsistent renewal over the past twenty in natural gas plants over wind or solar options, despite environmental concerns. In recent years, states and municipalities have implemented restrictions on natural gas production because of emerging research on the dangers of fracking. Many New York and Texas towns have adopted anti-fracking legislation according to The New York Times, and Fox Business reports that Colorado is in the midst of its own fracking fight. The fu- Without the Production Tax Credit, the future of renewable energy is in flux; current technology does not allow companies to offer renewable energy solutions at a price competitive with traditional energy sources... More companies, then, choose to invest in natural gas plants over wind or solar options, despite environmental concerns. vironmentally friendly energy ventures are also more expensive ventures, the failure of the PTC extension means a substantial decrease in the United States’ ability to produce cheap, environmentally friendly energy. The wind energy industry, in particular, has been hit hard by the expiration of the tax credit. Over the last five years, wind energy has provided roughly 30% of the United State’s new energy, according to the American Wind Energy Association (AWEA). Additionally, as Forbes notes, the wind industry benefitted hugely from the PTC, as its main competitor natural gas had been subsidized since long before the creation of the PTC and saw no change in revenue after the PTC’s implementation. Without the PTC, the future of renewable energy is in flux; current technology does not allow companies to offer renewable energy solutions at a price competitive with traditional energy sources. According to the AWEA, the PTC gave companies leverage in securing funding for new projects by guaranteeing investors at least some years has led to inconsistent industry growth. Stephen Wiley, a partner at the Austin-based Enovation Partners was quoted in Forbes Magazine saying that the tax credit prevented companies from making capital decisions regarding new energy projects. Despite these drawbacks, developers cite the PTC as having added $15.5 billion worth of business to the United States economy every year. Moreover, wind energy, which is highly affected by the tax credit, is, cost-wise, a less desirable option than natural gas according to a study done by the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy (ACEEE). The cost of solar and wind power has “plummeted over the last five years,” according to The New York Times, but the costs of wind power plants are still higher than natural gas or coal plants in the majority of circumstances. The ACEEE reports that wind power costs can reach 10 cents per kilowatt hour (the unit of measurement used for wind production), while natural gas costs reach only 8 cents per kilowatt-hour. More companies, then, choose to invest ture feasibility of procuring natural gas cheaply may be in flux as a result of tightening restrictions, and, in any case, mining for natural gas is controversial. The PTC provided a more feasible alternative to the controversial production of natural gas by allowing other more environmentally secure industries to compete in the market. The larger return on investment that the PTC guaranteed investors created stability in the market and encouraged new projects, keeping wind energy companies in business while essentially buying time for the wind industry to innovate more cost-effective technologies. The New York Times contends that the wind and solar industries are close to reaching cost levels competitive with natural gas, even without a government subsidy. However, they are not there yet. Congress, by failing to pass the tax credit renewal, has hindered the nation’s ability to introduce another environmentally friendly, efficient source of energy. A partisan squabble over a small government subsidy may have long-lasting drawbacks for energy growth in the United States. 5