Vanderbilt Political Review Spring 2014 | Page 23

SPRING 2014 DOMESTIC Photo Credit: Joe Shlabotnik casting their ballots, the article lacked sufficient data to back its steep claim. Meanwhile, Hans Von Spakovsky of the conservative Heritage Foundation argued that the increase in voter turnout during the 2013 election “delegitimizes claims that voter ID laws negatively impact poor and minority voters.” Although Spakovsky provided large amounts of data to bolster his argument, his analysis of critical aspects of the data is myopic. To begin his argument, Spakovsky observed that the 2011 and 2013 constitutional amendment votes addressed similar issues and then cited that about 1.15 million voters – about 8.55% of registered voters in Texas – turned out for the 2013 vote, while only .69 million voters – about 5.37% of register voters in Texas – turned out for the 2011 vote. While Spakovsky made no definitive claims as to why this occurred, he hints that an increase in turnout from one election to another implies voter suppression was nonexistent. He fails to acknowledge, however, that significantly higher turnout for constitutional amendment votes are common when they occur the year after a presidential election compared to votes that occur the year before a presidential election. Examining the turnout for constitutional amendment votes in Texas over the last ten years, it is clear that in every vote – 2005, 2009, and 2013 – after a presidential election, there was similar or higher voter turnout than the previous vote. Therefore, any implication that 2013’s turnout was a sign of the inexistence of voter suppression is mere sophistry. Furthermore, Spakovsky cited that urban counties – Travis and Harris counties in particular – experienced about a five percent increase each in voter turnout from the 2011 to the 2013 elections. However, the increase in voter turnout for Travis County is easily explained by the special election for the House of Representatives Seat for District 50. Additionally, the turnout of 13.23% in Harris County during the 2013 election is not unprecedented, and was actually surpassed by a turnout of 13.63% during the 2009 election. Spakovsky continues his argument by citing increases in voter turnout for counties – such as Webb County – that have large minority populations. From 2011 to 2013, voter turnout in Webb County increased from about 1,200 voters to about 10,600 voters. The increase in people voting is staggering, but is easily explained by local school districts pushing people to vote, according to Oscar Villarreal, the Elections Administrator for Webb County. Essentially, citing increases in voter turnout from one election to the next does not support the argument that voter suppression is nonexistent. Nevertheless, given that voter turnout is affected by so many different factors, it is impossible to make definitive claims of the effect or lack of effect of voter ID laws from one constitutional vote. To glean more definitive insights, electoral data from many more elections must be considered. This March, Texas held its gubernatorial primaries, its second vote subject to strict voter ID la