Figure adapted from American Gas Association and EPA ’ s Natural Gas STAR Program π www . valve-world . net Valve World June 2024
In response to President Joe Biden ’ s Executive Order , the Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA ) proposed a rule in 2021 to revise emissions regulations in the oil and natural gas sector , aiming to reduce methane and volatile organic compound ( VOC ) emissions by reassessing the New Source Performance Standards ( NSPS ) and proposing new regulations for both new and existing operations . 1
EMISSIONS REGULATIONS
Industry impacts : Implications of the EPA ’ s new rule
Foster Voelker discusses the implications of the EPA ’ s new rule on emissions regulations in the oil and natural gas sector , focusing on its impact on the valve industry and the development of low-emission technologies .
By Foster Voelker II , Director of Engineering – Williams Valves
EPA releases new requirements
The EPA ’ s final rule , released on December 2 , 2023 , focuses on significantly reducing methane emissions , VOCs , and hazardous air pollutants ( HAPs ) from U . S . oil and natural gas operations . The rule updates standards for new , modified , and reconstructed sources , and provides guidelines for existing sources , incorporating the NSPS and Emission Guidelines ( EG ). Key measures include phasing out routine flaring , mandating regular leak monitoring , and encouraging the use of innovative technologies . The EPA estimates that this rule will prevent 58 million tons of methane emissions from 2024 to 2038 , in addition to substantial reductions in VOCs and toxic air pollutants . The rule reflects comprehensive industry and public input , offering flexible yet rigorous standards for emissions control . 2
Overview of new rule
The final NSPS OOOOb and EG OOOOc standards are expected to significantly reduce emissions in the oil and gas sector . Between 2024 and 2038 , these standards aim to cut approximately 58 million tons of methane emissions ( equivalent to around 1.5 billion tons of CO2 ), 16 million tons of VOC emissions , and 590 thousand tons of HAP emissions . While the estimated average annual regulatory compliance cost over the 2024-2038 period is approximately $ 1.5 billion , related to the implementation and maintenance of required emissions control technologies , the EPA contends that these costs are offset by the environmental and health benefits of reduced emissions . Equipment requirements include :
• Zero-emitting controllers : The rule mandates the use of zero-emitting controllers for specific equipment , indicating a shift towards more environmentally friendly technologies .
• Open-ended valves or lines : These must be equipped with a closure device to prevent unintended emissions .
• Monitoring and control devices : Regular monitoring of CVS using Optical Gas Imaging ( OGI ) or EPA Method 21 is required to minimize emissions .
• Pressure relief devices : These devices must be monitored within 5 days after a pressure release to ensure proper functioning .
• Definition of repaired equipment : The rule specifies that repaired equipment must be adjusted or replaced to eliminate leaks and re-monitored to verify emission reduction .
• Use of Low-E equipment : Repairs may include the use of Low-E valves or materials , but complete replacement with low-E equipment is not mandated , allowing flexibility in repair methods .
• Specifications and guarantees of Low-E equipment : Low-E equipment must meet API 622 or API 624 standards and typically includes a manufacturer ’ s warranty or performance guarantee .
The NSPS OOOOb and EG OOOOc standards target a 79 percent reduction in methane emissions from covered sources between 2024 and 2038 . This significant reduction is expected to yield substantial climate , environmental , and health benefits , marking a major advancement in mitigating emissions from a key U . S . industrial methane source .
About the author Foster Voelker II attended the University of Houston , receiving a degree in Mechanical Engineering . After graduation , Foster Voelker began his career as a valve engineer for a large commodity valve manufacturer . He is the Director of Engineering for William E . Williams Valve Corporation .
Figure adapted from American Gas Association and EPA ’ s Natural Gas STAR Program π www . valve-world . net Valve World June 2024
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