TSAC Report 34 | Page 23

COMMONLY USED SUPPLEMENTS IN THE MILITARY OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS REFERENCES Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), an omega-3 fatty acid, must come from the diet because it cannot be produced by the body. Once ALA is taken in by the body, it is converted to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Good sources of ALA and EPA include nuts, flax seed, fatty fish, and organ meat. If an individual is not getting adequate amounts of this from their diet, a supplement may be recommended. Most suggest a dosage of 2 – 3 g/day of EPA plus DHA. Side effects, although fairly uncommon, include upset stomach and increased risk of bleeding, as it acts similar to a blood thinner in the body (6). 1. Abaray, R, and Boatwright, D. Resistance training: Benefits of post-exercise consumption of protein supplements. NSCA’s Performance Training Journal 11(6): 9-10, 2012. Omega-3 fatty acids are most commonly known to help improve cardiovascular risk factors including high triglycerides, cholesterol levels, and blood pressure (2). N-3 fatty acid supplements are also associated with decreasing inflammation in the body post-exercise or trauma (2). The benefit of omega-3s, particularly in the military population, has recently been in the spotlight for its potential to increase brain resiliency (2). Studies have shown a positive link between an increase in omega-3 fatty acid with an increase in prostate cancer; therefore, those with enlarged prostates or a family history of colon cancer should be cautious of excess amounts (14). 2. Barringer, N. Omega-3s for the tactical athlete. TSAC Report 33: 26-27, 2014. 3. Bovill, ME, Tharion, WJ, and Liberman, HR. Nutrition knowledge and supplement use among elite US Army soldiers. Military Medicine 186: 997-