Trustnet Magazine Issue 44 October 2018 | Page 6

continue  It’s inflating the prices of the biggest stocks. This is not how indexing works. If the price of a stock rises, its weighting in the fund increases automatically. The fund doesn’t need to buy more shares or sell them in companies whose stock is falling. The bulk of trading — around 95 per cent — is carried out by active managers.  It’s making markets less efficient. There is more price-setting going on now than ever, with more than 80 million trades placed every day. And, by forcing the worst-performing fund  It’s undermining corporate governance. Active managers’ record on corporate governance isn’t exactly impressive; just look at their failure to control boardroom pay. Passive managers, who have no choice but to carry on holding stocks and work with company management, are better placed to make a positive difference. The evidence shows they are bringing their influence to bear.  And finally… It’s a danger to global capitalism. Two things. First, indexers believe in the capital markets more than anyone; we believe they work and that, over time, they deliver fair returns to those who patiently invest in them. That hardly makes us communists. Second, indexing allows consumers to invest in far more stocks, far more efficiently and far more cheaply than ever before. Surely, if anything, indexing is the very essence of capitalism. 0% -5% -10% -15% -20% -25% -30% -35%  It’s causing the misallocation of capital. It’s true that allocating capital to the most deserving enterprises is an important function of active management. But new public offerings account for a tiny amount of trading. The vast majority of the time, active managers are simply trading with each other.  It’s going to go badly wrong in a correction. One of the most common myths about active managers is they outperform passive managers when markets fall; the data clearly shows they don’t. It’s also suggested indexers will take fright and bail out when the bull run ends, yet the opposite happened in the financial crisis. managers out of business, isn’t indexing making markets more efficient? IA North America (-18.36%) 5%  It’s out of control. Nonsense. Only around 20 per cent of global stock is owned by index investors. Even in the US, where passives are most popular, active management is the default investment style. In large swathes of Europe, Asia and South America, indexing has barely made inroads at all. S&P 500 (-13.39%) Here are some of the more common myths about the growth of indexing that keep doing the rounds PERFORMANCE OF SECTOR VS INDEX IN 2008 The myths FE TRUSTNET [ PASSIVE INVESTING ] 4 / 5 Cover story Source: FE Analytics consistent outperformer in advance, net of costs, is almost impossible. Simple arithmetic Logically, none of this should be surprising. Active managers effectively are the market. In aggregate, they deliver the market return. But they charge handsomely for this service and, when added to the trading expenses they incur, these costs are substantial. Compounded over decades, they can easily wipe out a third or more of the investor’s eventual returns. The average passive investor, then, must outperform the average active trustnet.com