Tone Report Weekly Issue 155 | Page 15

P HASERS ARE THE SOMEWHAT UNSUNG HEROES OF GUITAR TONE. Whether they are incredibly subtle or blatantly obvious, they have found their way into many foundational tones of the ‘70s, guitar and otherwise. They have been used to fatten, add motion, funk, or weight to countless instruments, from electric pianos, basses, analog synths, guitars, and even in some rare cases, drums. On guitar, they spanned almost every genre from jazz all the way to hard rock and metal. However, oddly enough these globulous swirl machines are not as widely discussed or loved as much as distortions or delays these days. ONE CAN ONLY GUESS WHY THEY FELL OUT OF POPULARITY, but my guess is that it was a sound that held best against a backdrop of a particular time. Like chorus, smashing solid-state distortion, and the massive gated reverbs of the ‘80s, the phaser glued better against the setting of the experimental and boundary-pushing ‘60s and ‘70s. They found their homes amongst the filtered basses, bone dry drums, mellow Rhodes, and squeaky clean guitars of disco and funk. Like psychedelic glue, they mated the thick and meaty drums with the cranked fuzz stacks of Marshall and Hiwatt, imbuing a dark and gelatinous throb to all it touched, like a Midas from an alternate reality that swallowed one too many special sugar cubes. Phasers even snuck onto a few guitar tones in the ‘80s, one famous one in particular by a Mr. Eddie Van Halen, perhaps the king of all ‘80s hard rock. WITH TODAY’S MUSICAL RESURGENCES INTO THE SOUNDS OF THE ’60S AND ‘70S, neo-psychedelia, bands such as Tame Impala, Animal Collective, Phish, Radio Moscow, and Unknown Mortal Orchestra have found new use and inspiration for what was once thought to be the outdated phaser, melding and squeezing it into massive guitar solos, funky fill-ins, and psychedelic walls of sound. SO HOW DO THESE THINGS WORK? WELL, THE ANSWER IS A LITTLE COMPLICATED, but I will try to make it as easy as possible to understand. Essentially, a phaser works with something called an all-pass filter. This filter takes the original signal, and splits it into two separate signals; leaving the original intact, and creating another signal with the phase inverted. If we just left it at that, the signals would cancel each other out. However, one signal is run through a low pass filter, while the other is run through a high pass filter. The two are then combined back into each other, creating a phase shifted signal. These all pass filters, also known as “poles” or “stages,” are then mixed together along with the original guitar signal to create changes in frequency. However, we still don’t have the movement! It’d be pretty boring without it, so either an LFO (low frequency oscillator) is added in to modulate the static phase shifted signal, creating the sound we know and love. IN SIMPLER TERMS, IMAGINE A LITTLE IMP SITTING ON TOP OF YOUR AMP AND GRABBING ONTO THE MID EQ CONTROL. While you play, he is slowly turning the EQ knob back and forth, cutting ToneReport.com 15