Timeless March 2020 | Page 29

• Reduces fall risk factors and improves agility. You may be aware that about 30 percent of seniors per year over the age of 65 experience falls (Donath, van Dieën, & Faude 2016). As you get older, recovering from a fall becomes more difficult. Therefore, in order to reduce your risk of falls and getting seriously injured, it is imperative that you engage in an exercise regimen focused on strength and balance training.   • Helps maintain cognitive function. Naturally, as you age, it’s not uncommon for cognitive function to decline. However, regular resistance training may help you prevent cognitive decline. (Liu-Ambrose and Donaldson, 2009). Additionally, exercise helps reduce morbidity among the elderly. Not only does exercise play an important part in your physical health, it is also good for your mental health and brain function as well.   • Helps maintain healthy weight. As you get older, you are more likely to gain weight if you live a seden- tary lifestyle. Weight gain puts you at risk for a number of serious health issues, such as coronary heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, diabetes, and some types of cancer. Furthermore, being an overweight senior may increase your risk of mortality. One of the main reasons why you are more likely to gain weight as you get older is due to the decline in muscle strength and mass. Low muscle mass and a lack of muscle strength will poten- tially put you at risk for disability and mortality as you age (Kalyani, Corriere, and Ferrucci 2014).    • Improves strength for maintaining indepen- dence. As you get older, the potential for losing your independence may be worrisome. You may be afraid of potentially having to rely on caregivers to do basic tasks such as getting dressed and getting out of bed. Losing your independence also puts you at risk for depression and other mood-related disorders. If you are concerned about losing your independence in your later years, it is extremely important for you to maintain a workout program that includes strength, balance, and agility training.     • Increases energy levels and elevates mood. As you get older, you may notice that you get tired faster and that day-to-day tasks may wear you out both mentally and physically. The good news is, no matter the age, exercise releases endorphins, which help stimulate pos- itive feelings. Not only that, regular exercise can keep energy levels elevated throughout the day.   A few exercise tips for seniors It is recommended you consult your doctor prior to starting a fitness program, especially if you are a senior who has led a sedentary lifestyle. Once cleared, it is important to perform exercises that are appropriate for your age and fitness level. What this means is that if you are over age 65 and have been sedentary for most of your life, you would be wise not to join a CrossFit class, lift heavy weights, nor train for a marathon for starters.  There are a number of exercises that you can do at home without using weights. If you are older, you should consider bodyweight exercises, which are both safe and effective. Some examples of strength training exercises you can do using only your bodyweight are: glute bridges, crunches on a ball, squats, hypertension for low back, wall push-ups, and standing calf raises while using a wall or desk for support.   Brisk walking is an enjoyable, safe and effective form of cardiovascular exercise for you. Stationary biking, an elliptical trainer or treadmill are also excellent cardio- vascular options One of the best balance exercises for seniors is the single leg stance. It is both safe and simple. To begin, it should be done near a wall or a stable piece of furniture for added safety.   Stretching should be done daily after your workout when the muscles are warmed up.  (ACSM) American College of Sports Medicine recommends you hold a stretch for 30-60 seconds.  • Kim Monsour is a professional health and wellness consul- tant, health coach and personal trainer. She can be reached at [email protected] or Optimal [email protected] References   Carraro, U., Kern, H., Gava, P. et al. Aging Clin Exp Res (2017) 29: 579.   https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-016-0619-1   Donath, L., van Dieën, J. & Faude, O. (2016) Exercise- Based Fall Prevention in the Elderly: What About Agility?. Sports Med 46, 143–149 doi:10.1007/s40279-015-0389-5   Kalyani, R.R., Corriere, M., & Ferrucci, L. (2014). Age-related and disease-related muscle loss: the effect of diabetes, obesity, and other diseases. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol., 2,819-829.   Liu-Ambrose, T., Donaldson, M.G. (2009). Exercise and cognition in older adults: is there a role for resistance training programmes? British Journal of Sports Medicine; 43:25-27. •29