TIM eMagazine Volume 3 Issue 7 | Page 30

Health & Wellness Fit on Board Overactive Bladder Syndrome W hat is an Overactive Bladder? Overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome is a bladder-storage disorder characterized by the following bladder symptoms: 1.Urgency – complaint of a sudden desire to pass urine which is difficult to defer. Sometimes, an involuntary leakage of urine may occur (urge urinary incontinence). 2.Daytime urinary frequency – complaint of voiding (during waking hours) more than previously considered normal (usually > 7 times) 3.Nocturia – complaint of waking up (at night) at least once because of the need to void  What are the causes and risk factors of an Overactive Bladder? There are several conditions that may cause the signs and symptoms of OAB, such as: 1.Aging - OAB can affect women of any age, but it occurs more often in older adults. Still, OAB should not be considered a normal part of aging. 2.Urinary Tract Infection 3.Atrophic vaginitis – inflammation of the vagina secondary to estrogen deficiency 4.Bladder stones or tumors 5.Excessive consumption of caffeine or alcohol 6.Diabetes mellitus 7.Medications (diuretics, psychotropics) 8.Restricted mobility 9.Neurological disorders (Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s, Multiple sclerosis)  Oftentimes, the exact cause of OAB is not known.  What happens when you have an Overactive Bladder? Normally, the bladder can store a significant volume of urine (400- 600ml) before it signals the need to empty itself. As the bladder muscles gradually stretch during filling, it sends intermittent signals to the brain, and you get the feeling of wanting to pass out urine. If it is not a convenient time to void, the brain signals back, and the bladder muscles remain relaxed, the urethral and pelvic floor muscles keep contracting, and you are able to hold your urine. When you decide that you already want to urinate, your brain sends nerve signals that coordinate the relaxation of the pelvic floor and urethral muscles, and the contraction of the bladder muscles which forces urine out. In OAB, there is a problem with the nerves and muscles of the bladder resulting in inappropriate or untimely bladder contractions even when the volume of urine in the bladder is low. These spasms cause the sudden urge to rush to the bathroom, which may even lead to leakage. How is OAB diagnosed? A detailed medical history is first obtained to identify potential risk factors. Your doctor may also need to perform a focused neurological examination to identify other possible conditions. Other tests may include: 1.Urinalysis – to assess for any infection of the urinary tract Disclaimer: Fit On Board gives only information that will help you understand ailments and its symptoms. Suggest preventive measures but not as cures. It is still best suited for you to seek professional advice and consult your doctors… 30