Think Business Magazine November Issue | Page 9

News Analysis Cumulative debt per given financial year Source: Government of Kenya Economic Survey 2016 ‘Ouroboros effect’ The Ouroboros effect comes into play when the government on one hand caps interest rates to make credit affordable for the customers, while on the flipside its insatiable appetite for domestic money continues to drain the ‘affordable’ money from the market as banks characteristically aim to mitigate against lending risk. Infrastructure development is necessary for the long term economic competitiveness of a nation but it shouldn’t be implemented in isolation, and at the expense of other economic activities. According to the Budget Review and Outlook Paper of 2017, total cumulative revenue as at June 2017 amounted to Kshs 1.4006 trillion against a revised target of Kshs 1.455 trillion. It further reveals that except for Excise duty that fell short by Kshs 4.8 billion, tax revenues were largely above the revised target. With an annual deficit of almost Kshs 900 billion, government expenditure seems to be increasing while revenues collected have lagged behind. Dr. Samuel Nyandemo, senior lecturer at University of Nairobi’s School of economics says that huge borrowing crowds out other expenditures in an economy and places an enormous burden to the future generations. “The high borrowing crowds out private investment which is the engine for growth and productivity in an economy. After debt servicing and catering for the recurrent expenditure, little is left for development in education, health and other essential services which is a prerequisite for growth,” he says. Even with healthy economic growth percentages averaging 5-6 percent, unsustainable public debt would undo all the gains and therefore appropriate austerity measures will have to be introduced. Infrastructure development is necessary for the long term economic competitiveness of a nation but it shouldn’t be implemented in isolation, and at the expense of other economic activities. The professional accountants body in a 2017 research paper suggests that external financing can be attained by attracting foreign direct investments, created by providing a conducive macroeconomic environment. ICPAK further suggests the presence of a comprehensive debt servicing management policy, which will not stifle other key economic progress activities. The loans should be utilized towards productive functions of the economy alongside the need to reduce inefficiencies. They recommend a National Advisory Credit Control, Regulatory, and Management board that offers advice to the government on the public credit situation and how best to mitigate against excesses. The country will have to enhance productivity and significantly improve the products and services that bring in foreign exchange revenue. Overall, public debt should be contained, for economic growth gains to infiltrate across all sectors of the economy. TB NOVEMBER 2017 • THINK BUSINESS | 7