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[ M A R K E T R E V I E W | S Y T E M AT I C I N T E R N A L I S E R S ] MiFID II’s systematic internaliser regime has been forced into the spotlight as market participants stand in fear of its impact. Hayley McDowell unravels the story of the regime and asks market experts about the possible unintended consequences. S ystematic internaliser (SI) is not a new term. It was first introduced under MiFID in 2007, but the system has remained dormant over several years. There are currently 11 firms registered as an SI, including the likes of Gold- man Sachs, Citi, UBS and Credit Suisse. Although this figure will grow substantially under MiFID II due to come into effect on 3 January 2018. An SI under MiFID II and MIFIR is considered to be an investment firm that deals on its own account by executing client orders - on an organised, frequent and system- atic basis - outside of a regulated market, multilateral trading facility (MTF) or organised trading facility (OTF). MiFID II has widened the scope of firms deemed to be an SI - some- thing which caused a lot of con- fusion among market participants when first announced - and virtu- ally all financial instruments are now included under the regime. Quantitative thresholds have been introduced by the European Securities and Market Authority (ESMA) and firms will be required to carry out assessments based on these thresholds to determine whether they are in fact an SI. The thresholds aren’t necessar- ily a problem for firms, in fact it should be quite straight forward to determine if an institution is an SI or not. The problem is the potential ‘unintended consequenc- es’ following the implementation of the regime. “What we don’t know is the impact and how the regime will play out in practice,” Joe McHale, head of EMEA regulatory strat- egy at Bloomberg LP, said at The TRADE’s MiFID II pop-up event in London in February. “There are Issue 51 TheTradeNews.com 51