The TRADE 50 | Seite 33

[ I N - D E P T H | 5 0 T H I S S U E ] To celebrate our 50th issue of the magazine, The TRADE team looks back at the defining moments and influential people which have steered the industry and made it what it is today, for better or worse. We also predict five things to look out for over the next 50 issues. DEFINING MOMENTS The Flash Crash The afternoon of 6 May 2010 would later go down in history as “the Flash Crash” which saw trillions of dollars wiped off the price of stocks only for the market to rapidly recover in a half-hour market rollercoaster. As the morning of 6 May wore on, negative sentiment began to build on markets, which saw increasing volatility and thinning liquidity. This was the catalyst when a large mutual fund complex initiated the sale of $4.1 billion of E-Mini S&P contracts. Settings for the algorithm used and the responses of high-frequency trading firms meant positions started to be rap- idly passed back and forth and the price of E-minis dropped 3% in just four minutes. This led to a cascade effect on other securities and derivatives contracts and leading spiralling losses in the market. Eventually automated stop systems kicked in and when markets reopened they rapidly recovered. However, the event highlighted some of the risks of automated trading algorithms and has led to increased regula- tion for algo providers and users and the venues which those algos trade on to prevent a similar event happening in the future. MiFID I Introduced in 2007 and much nar- rower in scope than today’s major European regulation, the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive was nonetheless a huge change in the way trades were conducted across Europe. The regulation finally opened up European markets that had been completely dominated by a selection of incumbent national ex- changes and ushered in a new era of choice and fragmentation. As a result of new legal structures such as multilateral trading facilities, a huge plethora of venues opened up across Europe. While many failed, a few have stuck around and become major players, including what is today knows as Bats Eu- rope which has become the largest pan-European trading destination. MiFID also helped to profession- alise the industry by putting more responsibility on traders and intro- ducing the idea of best execution, which would later be followed up with more force as part of MiFID II. Facebook flop While not the only substantial failure by a listing venue, the IPO of Facebook was a fairly gargantu- an and high-profile error by listing exchange Nasdaq, which would eventually result in tighter regula- tion for exchanges. The shares in Facebook, one of the biggest tech IPOs ever, were due to start trading at 11am EST on 18 May 2012 but, due to a technical problem with Nasdaq, this trading was delayed until 11:30. This Winter 2016 TheTrade 33