The Missouri Reader Vol. 36, Issue 2 | Page 10

development, but writing development as well. As Camp (2006) states, “Reading and writing go hand in hand” (p. 8). If students are to be expected to write in expository form, exposure to this genre is vital. Routman (2005) offers a circular view in stating “Teaching kids how to write expository text improves their overall writing skill and their reading comprehension” (p. 127). Exposing students to nonfiction literature in the early grades will provide them with knowledge of text features they will need for writing in later grades. Hall, Sabey, and McClellan (2005) state, “deficits due to inadequate exposure to these texts and structures spill over from reading to writing (p. 214). To motivate and captivate Duke (2000) contends that not only do students need to be exposed to nonfiction in the early grades to help reduce problems later in their schooling, but “not doing so constitutes a missed opportunity to turn on as many students as possible to literacy” (p. 205). Nonfiction books serve to motivate and engage even the youngest students. Motivation plays an integral role in literacy education. “Teachers may have a wealth of knowledge” (p. 226) and may be implementing research based best practices in their classrooms, but if the students are not motivated to read “then there is virtually nothing that teachers can do” (Applegate & Applegate, 2010, p. 226). According to Dreher (2003), information books are powerful tools for igniting interest and curiosity in young students. Struggling readers will benefit from nonfiction literature instruction as well. Research has shown that reluctant readers can not only become motivated through the use of nonfiction literature but it can also provide a bridge into other literacies (Palmer & Stewart, 2003). Unfortunately, many of these readers do not have access to just the books that motivate them to read--nonfiction books. In order to improve reading skills, struggling readers must read more (Routman, 2003). Readers who are met with adversity can get caught in a vicious circle whereby they experience difficulty with reading, therefore they avoid reading and practice in reading is minimal. Eventually they “fall further behind their peers” (Dreher, p. 25). Providing these students with nonfiction books has the potential to stop the cycle. Strategies for integrating nonfiction A number of teaching strategies are available to facilitate the incorporation of nonfiction literature in the early elementary classroom. Choosing texts In recent years, publishers have responded to the need for more nonfiction texts written for the primary-grade audience with a tremendous increase in the publishing of high quality, visually a X[[