The Missouri Reader Vol. 36, Issue 1 | Page 12

Going Home provides us with a glimpse at the physical realities of laboring as migrant farm workers. Bunting acknowledges the ―heat in the strawberry fields‖ and the ―sun pushing down between the rows of tomatoes.‖ Bunting stops short of naming the farms when she names the foods that are produced – strawberries and tomatoes. The problem as presented in this excerpt is the environmental conditions ―the heat‖ and ―the sun pushing down‖ versus the owners of the fields forcing workers to work in unsafe working conditions. ―The work‖ is named as a noun instead of ―working conditions‖ or ―working in the fields.‖ This nominalization distances the reader from the person working and also from the boss who makes the working conditions. The excerpt closes with ―we know too because we work on weekends and on school vacations.‖ Bunting chooses to include child labor in the text. The passage continues: We see how tired Mama and Papa are at night. How Papa rubs Mama‘s shoulders. How stiffly he moves. ―Why did you ever leave?‖ we ask. ―There is no work in La Perla. We are here for the opportunities.‖ It is always the same answer. The children observe their parents‘ physical pain. But the specific cause – working fourteen hours a day without breaks, without water, in sweltering heat – is not named. The lack of jobs in the book is decontextualized. Bunting could have chosen to write, for example, ―now, there is no work in La Perla.‖ This would have hinted at the changes in the global economy, a point we return to in the conclusion. As with the other books, in The Rag Coat we do not see the lives of those profiting from the poverty of this family -- the owners of the coal mine. The father works long hours in the coal mine ―he worked down in the black coal mines and didn‘t come up till the sun was gone.‖ He ―gets sick with miner‘s cough and couldn‘t work much.‖ Finally, the father dies. While the working conditions of the mines are addressed, the owners of the mines, those responsible for the conditions, are not named. Emotional Labor. Across the books, the reader is confronted with another kind of labor – emotional labor. Emotional labor might be thought of as the management of feelings necessary to perform a job, regardless of whether they are discrepant with internal feelings. In Spuds, for example, Hesse (2007) writes, ―Ma was workin‘ night shift. Our ma, she‘s mighty fine, but lately it seems like she got nothin‘ left over, not even for us kids.‖ Similarly, in the book Uncle Willie and the Soup Kitchen, the young boy comments on how lonely the woman sleeping on the bench looks and is relieved when he sees her come into the soup kitchen. In Getting Through Thursday, there is a dramatic scene in the book where the young protagonist realizes that despite earning his place on the honor roll at school, his mother could not provide him with a party because she does not get paid until Friday. The illustration captures him crying behind his closed door. Through the words and illustrations, the