The Mind Creative FEBRUARY 2015 | Page 54

Debain’s Harmonium The popularity of the harmonium reached its peak in the 19th and 20th century in the Western world and was widely used in smaller churches. Harmoniums were also widely used in the colonies of European powers since they were easier to transport than pianos and pipe organs. A wide variety of harmoniums were constructed during this period including varieties that used pedals or electrical pumps for the air flow. The largest producer of harmoniums was a company by the name of Estey which ceased its production in the mid 1950’s while some companies in Italy continued production till 1970’s. However, the harmonium had arrived in India through missionaries in the nineteenth century. The portability of the instrument made it quite popular in the country. However, two factors forced a change in the structure of the harmonium in India. 54